lpr - Sends files to spooling daemon for printing
lpr [options] filename
The lpr options -c, -d, -f, -g, -l, -n, -p, -t, and -v are
used to notify the line printer spooler that the files are
not standard text files; therefore these options are mutually
exclusive. The spooling daemon uses the appropriate
filters to print the data if you specify one of these
options.
In an international environment, the lpr command needs
locale information to use the appropriate filter to print
a text file. The -A option allows you to specify, among
other things, locales for text files and printers.
The lpr command supports the following options: Specifies
one or more keywords and keyword assignments, separated by
spaces. For a list of valid keywords, refer to the "Country-Specific
Options" section. Enables you to specify a
username which will appear as the banner on the print job.
Assumes that the files contain data produced by the cifplot
filter. Specifies a print class as the request classification
on the burst page. Assumes that files contain
data from tex (DVI format from Stanford University).
Interprets the first character of each line as a standard
FORTRAN carriage control character. Assumes that files
contain standard plot data as produced by plot routines.
Suppresses the printing of the burst page. Indents the
output number spaces. If number is not given, the indentation
is 8 spaces. Selects the input paper tray that supplies
paper for the print job. The tray name is printer
dependent. The following list shows the valid tray variable
values for the printers that support the -I option:
cassette, upper, or manual upper, envelope_feeder, lower,
or manual upper, manual, lower, or cassette envelope_feeder,
mmf, manual, upper, lower, or lcit front,
manual, upper, or lower upper, lower, or manual
For more information on the input options, refer to
the documentation for your printer.
If you have one of the previously listed printers
connected locally, there are two additional forms
of the -I option. You can specify the option in the
form -Itray_name, where the tray_name variable
specifies the name of a tray that is supported by
the particular printer (for example, -Ilettertray).
You also can specify the option in the form -In,
where the n variable specifies an integer value.
Refer to your printer documentation for information
on specifying valid tray selections. Causes the
request ID of the printer request to be displayed
on standard output after it is entered in the print
spooling queue. Specifies the request name to
appear on the burst page. Normally, the lpr command
uses the name of the first file. Prints the job in
a way specified by the sides variable. You can
specify sides as follows: Prints only on one side
of the sheet. Prints on both sides of the sheet;
the second side is reached by flipping the sheet
about its left edge, as in the binding of a book.
Prints on both sides of the sheet, but prints the
opposite way up on each side, so the second side
can be read by flipping the sheet along its top
axis. Prints only on one side of the sheet, but
retains the page layout intended for
two_sided_duplex printing. The layout refers to
such things as where the margins are and where the
page numbers are. Prints only on one side of the
paper, but retains the page layout intended for
tumble printing. Prints on two sides of the paper,
but retains the page layout intended for
one_sided_simplex printing. Prints control characters
and suppresses page breaks. Sends mail (see
the mailx(1) reference page) when spooling is completed.
Assumes that files contain data output by
the ditroff (device-independent troff) command.
Prints one or more pages on one sheet of paper. The
printer automatically adjusts to handle the number
of pages printed on one sheet of paper. The maximum
that may be specified is 100 pages. Selects
the output tray where the printed job will be
deposited. The n variable specifies an integer
value that depends on the printer. Refer to your
printer documentation to determine the correct values.
Specifies one or more keywords, among them
keywords for page orientation, that may be print
filter specific. The choices for page orientation
are: The printed output is parallel to the short
side of the page. The printed output is parallel
to the long side of the page.
Currently, only the pcfof and wwpsof print filters
support additional keywords. See the description of
the -O option in the wwpsof(8) reference page for
the list of additional keywords and keyword assignments
you can specify.
The keyword-list argument is a comma-separated (no
embedded spaces) list of keywords, keyword assignments,
or both. As an alternative to listing multiple
keywords after the same -O option, your command
line can include multiple instances of the -O
option, each with a different keyword or keyword
assignment.
You cannot use the -O option to specify keywords
other than portrait or landscape if you are printing
to a remote system that is running a Tru64 UNIX
version earlier than Version 5.0. Formats the
files using pr as a filter. If you specify the -T
option you must also specify the -p option. Specifies
printer as the output device (print job destination).
If you do not specify the -P option, the
default printer or the value of the PRINTER environment
variable is used. Removes the file when
spooling or printing is completed. Uses symbolic
links to print. Usually, files are copied to the
spooling directory, but the -s option uses symlink()
to link data files, rather than trying to
copy them. This allows you to print large files.
If you specify the -s option, files should not be
modified or removed until they have been printed.
Note that the -s option is disabled if codeset conversion
is performed. Assumes that files contain
data output by the troff (cat phototypesetter) command.
Specifies the title to be used by the pr
command instead of the filename. The -p option
also must be specified, otherwise the -T option is
ignored. Assumes that the files contain a raster
image for devices like the Benson Varian. Prints
the job using the page width in columns specified
by the argument number. If this option is not
specified, the page width is taken from the
/etc/printcap file. Assumes the files do not
require filtering before printing. Prints the job
using the page length in lines specified by the
argument number. If this option is not specified,
the page length is taken from the /etc/printcap
file. Produces number copies of the output.
Mounts the specified font on font position 1, 2, 3,
or 4, respectively.
The lpr command uses the lpd spooling daemon to print
files.
If you specify a hyphen (-) for a file name, the lpr command
reads from standard input; this can be used in conjunction
with specified file names.
If you do not specify a particular printer with the -P
option, the default printer or the value of the PRINTER
environment variable is used.
To check the status of a printer, use either the lpq or
lpstat command. To cancel printer requests, use the lprm
or cancel command.
Country-Specific Options [Toc] [Back]
The -A option allows you to specify information that is
required to print files in various native languages and
also supports some country-specific printers. You specify
this information by using keywords, most of which require
value assignments. See i18n_printing(5) for a general
description of country-specific support and to determine
which keywords may be required for particular languages
and printers.
The -A option keywords are supported by software installed
by optional worldwide support subsets. In other words, a
country-specific keyword will not work unless an associated
country-specific software subset is installed.
For the lpr command, the following keywords can be
included through the -A option: Specifies the locale for
the source text file. If this is not a valid locale name,
it will be interpreted as a codeset name. Print filters
use a codeset name or the codeset part of a locale name to
this locale to validate the characters in the text. If the
flocale keyword is not set, the text is interpreted in the
codeset of the current locale. The flocale setting is
particularly important for correct interpretation of characters
in multibyte codesets. Moreover, if the plocale
keyword is also set, the lpr command automatically converts
characters from the text file codeset to the printer
codeset before printing the file. For example, the following
command converts a file created in a Traditional
Chinese locale from the Big 5 codeset to the DEC Hanyu
codeset before printing it: % lpr -A "flocale=zh_TW.big5
plocale=zh_TW.dechanyu" big5.txt
If you are printing to a printer controlled by the
wwpsof filter, it is recommended that you set
locale for a print job by using the -Olocale-name
option. See the wwpsof(8) reference page for more
information. Specifies the locale for the printer.
Some printers, like the LA380-CB, are country specific
and have builtin fonts encoded in a particular
codeset. For example, the builtin fonts for
the LA380-CB printer are encoded in DEC Hanzi. For
these printers, the codeset part of the plocale
value should match the codeset (dechanzi) of the
printer's builtin fonts. Other printers are
generic and suitable for use with files in a variety
of languages. For example, the DEClaser 5100,
when used with the wwpsof print filter, can handle
fonts for different codesets. For these printers,
the plocale value should match the font used in the
text file. The following example prints a file
encoded in DEC Hanyu by using the Sung-LightCNS11643
font, which supports DEC Hanyu characters:
% lpr -A"font=Sung-Light-CNS11643 plocale=zh_TW.dechanyu"
\ dechanyu.txt
When the plocale value is inappropriate for the
font codeset, printed output is useless.
To determine printer locale for country-specific
printers, refer to i18n_printing(5). To find out
which fonts are available for a particular locale,
refer to the reference page for the corresponding
codeset. For example, if locale_name is
zh_TW.dechanyu, see dechanyu(5) for a list of
appropriate fonts. Specifies the outline font name
for printing source text files on a PostScript
printer. For more information, refer to the entry
for the plocale keyword. Specifies the number of
lines per page. When used with the -w option, the
length keyword can control the font size and orientation
of the printed output. Specifies the path
of the software on-demand loading (SoftODL)
database files. The odldb keyword setting overrides
the default path, which specifies the systemwide
SoftODL database. Therefore, users can set
odldb to specify private SoftODL databases. For
example, the following command directs lpr to use
the SoftODL database in /usr/tmp: % lpr -A
"odldb=/usr/tmp/odl"
Refer to odl(5) for more information on SoftODL.
Specifies what SoftODL font style and size to use,
for example normal-24x24. If the odlstyle is not
specified, the system default SoftODL style and
size is used. Refer to odl(5) for more information
on SoftODL. Enables space-compensation mode for
languages, such as Thai, that contain nonspacing
characters. Nonspacing characters can combine with
other characters for display and therefore do not
occupy space. Many of the existing tools for text
alignment do not handle nonspacing characters properly.
If you want to print Thai output from such
utilities, you should enable space compensation
mode to ensure proper text alignment in the printed
file.
Space compensation is done line by line. The print
filter keeps count of the number of nonspacing
characters found in a line. When two or more consecutive
spaces are encountered, the print filter
inserts the appropriate number of spaces, therefore
compensating for spaces added by the nonspacing
characters.
Space-compensation mode is valid only for printing
Thai characters. Enables text morphing for Thai
printing. Text morphing replaces some characters
with others to produce better output in desktop
publishing environments. Refer to Thai(5) for more
details on text morphing. Text morphing rules are
proprietary. Therefore, text morphing is supported
only by our Thai outline fonts and are available
only for PostScript printing. Specifies that Thai
characters be printed on one and a half lines,
rather than on three lines, to produce more compressed
and natural looking output. The onehalf
keyword works only with the thailpof print filter.
Refer to i18n_printing(5) for general information
on text morphing. Specifies where the character
code tables for the printer (thailpof filter only)
can be found. These tables are selected for use
with the yp value in the /etc/printcap file. The
default path is /usr/lbin/tac_data. Specifies vertical
printing mode for ideographic characters in
the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean languages. In
vertical printing mode, any single-byte characters
that files contain are still printed in horizontal
printing mode.
If you are using a printer controlled by the wwpsof
filter, it is recommended that you use the -Ovprint
option to specify vertical printing. See the wwpsof(8) reference page for more information.
Tru64 UNIX software does not include ditroff or troff.
Therefore, files suitable for use with the -n or -t
options may not be available on your system. If you try
to print too large a file, the file is truncated. The lpr
command does not print binary files. If a user other than
the root user prints a file and spooling is disabled, lpr
will print a message and will not put requests in the
queue. If a connection to lpd on the local machine cannot
be made, lpr will indicate that the daemon cannot be
started. Fonts for troff and text reside on the host with
the printer. Currently, it is not possible to use local
font libraries. Tru64 UNIX does not supply troff, so local
font libraries for troff may not exist on your system.
The following example prints three copies of the
new.index.c, print.index.c, and more.c files: % lpr -#3
new.index.c print.index.c more.c The following example
prints three copies of the concatenated new.index.c,
print.index.c, and more.c files: # cat new.index.c
print.index.c more.c | lpr -#3 The following example
prints Operations on the burst page instead of the node
name before printing the new.index.c file: # lpr -C Operations
new.index.c
User information Printer description file Line printer
daemon The executable image Spool directories Daemon control
files Data files specified in cf files Temporary
copies of cf files Character encoding tables for Thai
Commands: cancel(1), checknr(1), lp(1), lpc(8), lpd(8),
lpq(1), lprm(1), lpstat(1), mailx(1), neqn(1), nroff(1),
pr(1), tbl(1), wwpsof(8)
Functions: symlink(2)
Others: dechanyu(5), i18n_intro(5), i18n_printing(5),
l10n_intro(5), odl(5), Thai(5)
lpr(1)
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