runacct - Runs daily accounting
/usr/sbin/acct/runacct [mmdd] [state...]
Specifies the month and day for which you want to rerun
the accounting shell procedure. Used to restart the
runacct shell procedure from any of its thirteen states.
The thirteen restartable states, in order, are:
SETUP, WTMPFIX, CONNECT1, CONNECT2, PROCESS, MERGE,
FEES, DISK, QUEUEACCT, MERGETACCT, CMS, USEREXIT,
and CLEANUP. These states are described under The
runacct Shell Procedure Restartable States heading
in the DESCRIPTION section.
Recovery from a run failure and the runacct shell
procedure restart is described under the Restarting
the runacct Shell Process heading in the DESCRIPTION
section.
The runacct command is the daily accounting shell procedure.
This shell procedure is normally invoked from the
cron daemon to process connection, fee, disk usage, queuing
(printer), and process accounting database files for
the current day. The runacct shell procedure produces a
/var/adm/acct/nite/dayacct binary daily accounting file
and also produces summary files, which the prdaily shell
procedure uses to generate ASCII daily file
/var/adm/acct/sum/rprtmmdd or to generate files used for
billing for the use of various system resources. The
/var/adm/acct/nite/dayacct binary daily accounting file is
used by the acctmerg command.
The acctmerg command adds records from the dayacct file to
the /var/adm/acct/sumtacct file. The /var/adm/acct/sumtacct
file is a cumulative summary of system resources
used during the accounting period. The sumtacct file is
used by the monacct command to produce the monthly
accounting summary file, /var/adm/acct/fiscal.
The runacct command has two operands that you may enter
from the keyboard whenever you must restart the runacct
shell procedure. The date operand, mmdd, is used to specify
the day and month for which you want to rerun the
accounting shell procedure. The state operand is used to
restart the runacct shell procedure from any of its thirteen
states. Recovery from a run failure and the runacct
shell procedure restart is described under the Restarting
Runacct heading on the next page.
The runacct command protects active accounting and summary
files whenever a run-time error occurs. During execution,
the state-to-state progress of the runacct shell process
is recorded by writing descriptive messages to the
/var/adm/acct/nite/active file. Whenever the runacct shell
process detects a run-time error, a mail message is sent
to the superuser (root) and to the user named adm when
environment variable MAILCOM is set to mail root adm.
After writing the mail message the runacct shell procedure
aborts.
The runacct shell procedure also creates the temporary
file named lock in subdirectory /var/adm/acct/nite. This
file is used to prevent simultaneous calls to the runacct
shell procedure. The runacct shell procedure also uses the
lastdate file, in the same subdirectory, to prevent more
than one invocation of the runacct command per day.
The runacct Shell Procedure Restartable States [Toc] [Back]
The runacct shell procedure is processed in thirteen separate
restartable states. When the runacct process completes
each state, the name of the next state to undergo
execution is written to the /var/adm/acct/nite/statefile
file. The runacct procedure processes the various states
named in the leftmost column below, in the order given.
Moves the active accounting files to working files and
restarts the active files. Verifies the integrity of the
/var/adm/wtmp file and corrects date changes when necessary.
Calls the acctcon1 command to write connect session
records. Converts connect session records from the
/var/adm/wtmp file to total accounting records in total
format defined by tacct structure members in the private
tacct.h header file. Converts process accounting records
from the /var/adm/pacct* file(s) into total accounting
records (see CONNECT2 above). Merges the connect and process
total accounting records. Converts the output
obtained with the chargefee command into total accounting
records (see CONNECT2 above) and merges them with other
total accounting records. Merges disk accounting records
with connect, process, and fee total accounting records.
Sorts queue (printer) accounting records, converts them
into total accounting records (see CONNECT2 above), and
merges them with other total accounting records. Merges
the daily total accounting records in the
/var/adm/acct/nite/dayacct file with summary total
accounting records in the /var/adm/acct/sum/tacct file.
Produces command summaries in the file
/var/adm/acct/sum/cms. When the shell procedure
/var/adm/siteacct exists, and the runacct shell procedure
enters this state, the /var/adm/siteacct is called to perform
site-dependent account record processing. Deletes
all temporary files and exits.
Restarting the runacct Shell Process [Toc] [Back]
To restart the runacct shell process after it fails, do
the following: Check the /var/adm/acct/nite/active file
for diagnostic messages. Repair records in any damaged
database files, such as /var/adm/pacct or /var/adm/wtmp.
Remove the /var/adm/acct/nite/lock and
/var/adm/acct/nite/lastdate files. Before restarting the
runacct shell procedure, you must specify the mmdd operand
of the runacct command. This operand specifies the month
and day for which the runacct command is to rerun the
accounting shell process. The runacct shell procedure
determines the entry point for processing by reading the
/var/adm/acct/nite/statefile file. To override this
default action, specify a state listed above on the
runacct command line.
It is not a good idea to restart the runacct command
in the SETUP state. Instead, perform set-up
actions manually and restart accounting in the
WTMPFIX state by entering the following command:
runacct mmdd WTMPFIX
Should the runacct process fail during its PROCESS state,
remove the last /var/adm/acct/nite/ptacct*.mmdd file
before restarting the runacct shell process because the
file does not complete until the next state is entered.
To start daily accounting procedures for the use of various
system resources, add the following command line to a
crontabs file so that the runacct shell procedure is automatically
called by the cron daemon. 0 4 * * 1-6
/usr/sbin/acct/runacct 2 > /var/adm/acct/nite/accterr
This example shows the instructions that the cron
daemon reads and then executes. The runacct shell
procedure runs at 4:00 a.m. (0 4) every Monday
through Saturday (1-6) and redirects errors from
the standard error output (2 >) to the
/var/adm/acct/nite/accterr file. This command typifies
accounting instructions normally passed to
the cron daemon from the runacct shell procedure.
(See the System Administration manual.) To start
daily accounting procedures for system resources
from the command line (start the runacct command),
enter: nohup /usr/sbin/acct/runacct 2>
/var/adm/acct/nite/accterr&
Although it is preferable to have the cron daemon
start the runacct procedure automatically (see the
first example), you may enter the command from the
keyboard. The runacct command will run in the background,
ignoring all INTERRUPT and QUIT signals
(nohup), and write all standard error output (2>)
to the /var/adm/acct/nite/accterr file. To restart
the system accounting procedures for a specific
date, enter a command similar to the following:
nohup /usr/sbin/acct/runacct 0601 2>>
/var/adm/acct/nite/accterr&
In this example, the runacct command is executed on
the first day of June (0601). The runacct process
reads the /var/adm/acct/nite/statefile file to find
the state from which to start. The runacct process
runs in the background and ignores all INTERRUPT
and QUIT signals (nohup). The standard error output
(2) is appended (>>) to the end of the file named
/var/adm/acct/nite/accterr.
Specifies the command path The active login/logout
database file. The active process accounting database
file. The active disk-usage accounting database file.
The active queue (printer) accounting file. The file containing
records of fees charged to users. The command and
total accounting summary files. The concatenated version
of the pacct files. The runacct error message file. Prevents
more than one invocation of the runacct shell procedure.
Contains the last date the runacct shell procedure
was run. Contains the next state to process. A shell
procedure containing site-dependent accounting commands.
Accounting header file that defines formats for writing
accounting files.
Commands: acct(8), acctcms(8), acctcom(8), acctcon(8),
acctmerg(8), acctprc(8), fwtmp(8), wtmpconvert(8).
Daemons: cron(8)
Functions: acct(2)
System Administration
runacct(8)
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