mwm - The Motif Window Manager
mwm [flags]
Specifies the display to use; see X(1X). Specifies a
resource string to use. Causes mwm to manage all screens
on the display. The default is to manage only a single
screen. Causes mwm to retrieve its resources using the
specified name, as in name*resource. Specifies the
resource names to use for the screens managed by mwm. If
mwm is managing a single screen, only the first name in
the list is used. If mwm is managing multiple screens, the
names are assigned to the screens in order, starting with
screen 0. Screen 0 gets the first name, screen 1 the second
name, and so on.
The mwm utility is an X Window System client that provides
window management functionality and some session management
functionality. It provides functions that facilitate
control (by the user and the programmer) of elements of
window state such as placement, size, icon/normal display,
and input-focus ownership. It also provides session management
functions such as stopping a client.
Appearance [Toc] [Back]
The following sections describe the basic default behaviors
of windows, icons, the icon box, input focus, and
window stacking. The appearance and behavior of the window
manager can be altered by changing the configuration
of specific resources. Resources are defined under the
heading "X Defaults".
Screens [Toc] [Back]
By default, mwm manages only the single screen specified
by the -display option or the DISPLAY environment variable
(by default, screen 0). If the -multiscreen option is
specified or if the multiScreen resource is True, mwm
tries to manage all the screens on the display.
When mwm is managing multiple screens, the -screens option
can be used to give each screen a unique resource name.
The names are separated by blanks, for example, -screens
mwm0 mwm1. If there are more screens than names, resources
for the remaining screens will be retrieved using the
first name. By default, the screen number is used for the
screen name.
Windows [Toc] [Back]
Default mwm window frames have distinct components with
associated functions: In addition to displaying the
client's title, the title area is used to move the window.
To move the window, place the pointer over the title area,
press button 1 and drag the window to a new location. By
default, a wire frame is moved during the drag to indicate
the new location. When the button is released, the window
is moved to the new location. The title bar includes the
title area, the minimize button, the maximize button, and
the window menu button. In shaped windows, such as round
windows, the title bar floats above the window. To turn
the window into an icon, click button 1 on the minimize
button (the frame box with a small square in it). To make
the window fill the screen (or enlarge to the largest size
allowed by the configuration files), click button 1 on the
maximize button (the frame box with a large square in it).
The window menu button is the frame box with a horizontal
bar in it. To pull down the window menu, press button 1.
While pressing, drag the pointer on the menu to your
selection, then release the button when your selection is
highlighted. Pressing button 3 in the title bar or resize
border handles also posts the window menu. Alternately,
you can click button 1 to pull down the menu and keep it
posted; then position the pointer and select. You can
also post the window menu by pressing [Shift] [Esc] or
[Alt] [Space]. Double-clicking button 1 with the pointer
on the window menu button closes the window. The following
table lists the contents of the window menu.
--------------------------------------------------------
Default Window Menu
Selection Accelerator Description
--------------------------------------------------------
Restore Alt+F5 Restores the window to its
size before minimizing or
maximizing
Move Alt+F7 Allows the window to be moved
with keys or mouse
Size Alt+F8 Allows the window to be
resized
Minimize Alt+F9 Turns the window into an icon
Maximize Alt+F10 Makes the window fill the
screen
Lower Alt+F3 Moves window to bottom of
window stack
Close Alt+F4 Causes client to terminate
--------------------------------------------------------
To change the size of a window, move the pointer
over a resize border handle (the cursor changes),
press button 1, and drag the window to a new size.
When the button is released, the window is resized.
While dragging is being done, a rubber-band outline
is displayed to indicate the new window size. An
optional matte decoration can be added between the
client area and the window frame. A matte is not
actually part of the window frame. There is no
functionality associated with a matte.
Icons [Toc] [Back]
Icons are small graphic representations of windows. A
window can be minimized (iconified) using the minimize
button on the window frame. Icons provide a way to reduce
clutter on the screen.
Pressing mouse button 1 when the pointer is over an icon
causes the icon's window menu to pop up. Releasing the
button (press + release without moving mouse = click)
causes the menu to stay posted. The menu contains the following
selections:
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Icon Window Menu
Selection Accelerator Description
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Restore Alt+F5 Opens the associated window
Move Alt+F7 Allows the icon to be moved with keys
Size Alt+F8 Inactive (not an option for icons)
Minimize Alt+F9 Inactive (not an option for icons)
Maximize Alt+F10 Opens the associated window and makes it
fill the screen
Lower Alt+F3 Moves icon to bottom of icon stack
Close Alt+F4 Removes client from mwm management
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Note that pressing button 3 over an icon also causes the
icon's window menu to pop up. To make a menu selection,
drag the pointer over the menu and release button 3 when
the desired item is highlighted.
Double-clicking button 1 on an icon invokes the
f.restore_and_raise function and restores the icon's associated
window to its previous state. For example, if a
maximized window is iconified, then double-clicking button
1 restores it to its maximized state. Double-clicking button
1 on the icon box's icon opens the icon box and allows
access to the contained icons. (In general, double-clicking
a mouse button is a quick way to perform a function.)
Pressing [Shift] [Esc] or [Menu] (the pop-up menu key)
causes the icon window menu of the currently selected icon
to pop up.
Icon Box [Toc] [Back]
When icons begin to clutter the screen, they can be packed
into an icon box. (To use an icon box, mwm must be
started with the icon box configuration already set.) The
icon box is a mwm window that holds client icons. It
includes one or more scroll bars when there are more window
icons than the icon box can show at the same time.
Icons in the icon box can be manipulated with the mouse.
The following table summarizes the behavior of this interface.
Button actions apply whenever the pointer is on any
part of the icon. Note that double-clicking an icon in the
icon box invokes the f.restore_and_raise function.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Button Action Description
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Button 1 click Selects the icon
Button 1 double-click Normalizes (opens) the associated window
Raises an already open window to the top of the
stack
Button 1 drag Moves the icon
Button 3 press Causes the menu for that icon to pop up
Button 3 drag Highlights items as the pointer moves across the
menu
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pressing mouse button 3 when the pointer is over an icon
causes the menu for that icon to pop up.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Icon Menu for the Icon Box
Selection Accelerator Description
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Restore Alt+F5 Opens the associated window (if not
already open)
Move Alt+F7 Allows the icon to be moved with keys
Size Alt+F8 Inactive
Minimize Alt+F9 Inactive
Maximize Alt+F10 Opens the associated window (if not
already open) and maximizes its size
Lower Alt+F3 Inactive
Close Alt+F4 Removes client from mwm management
--------------------------------------------------------------------
To pull down the window menu for the icon box itself,
press button 1 with the pointer over the menu button for
the icon box. The window menu of the icon box differs from
the window menu of a client window: The "Close" selection
is replaced with the "PackIcons Shift+Alt+F7" selection.
When selected, PackIcons packs the icons in the box to
achieve neat rows with no empty slots.
You can also post the window menu by pressing [Shift]
[Esc] or [Alt] [Space]. Pressing [Menu] (the pop-up menu
key) causes the icon window menu of the currently selected
icon to pop up.
Input Focus [Toc] [Back]
mwm supports (by default) a keyboard input focus policy of
explicit selection. This means when a window is selected
to get keyboard input, it continues to get keyboard input
until the window is withdrawn from window management,
another window is explicitly selected to get keyboard
input, or the window is iconified. Several resources control
the input focus. The client window with the keyboard
input focus has the active window appearance with a visually
distinct window frame.
The following tables summarize the keyboard input focus
selection behavior:
------------------------------------------------------------------
Button Action Object Function Description
------------------------------------------------------------------
Button 1 press Window / window frame Keyboard focus selection
Button 1 press Icon Keyboard focus selection
------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Key Action Function Description
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
[Alt][Tab] Move input focus to next window in window stack
(available only in explicit focus mode)
[Alt][Shift][Tab] Move input focus to previous window in window stack
(available only in explicit focus mode)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Window Stacking [Toc] [Back]
There are two types of window stacks: global window
stacks and an application's local family window stack.
The global stacking order of windows may be changed as a
result of setting the keyboard input focus, iconifying a
window, or performing a window manager window stacking
function. When keyboard focus policy is explicit the
default value of the focusAutoRaise resource is True.
This causes a window to be raised to the top of the stack
when it receives input focus, for example, by pressing
button 1 on the title bar. The key actions defined in the
previous table will thus raise the window receiving focus
to the top of the stack.
In pointer mode, the default value of focusAutoRaise is
False, that is, the window stacking order is not changed
when a window receives keyboard input focus. The following
key actions can be used to cycle through the global
window stack.
--------------------------------------------------------
Key Action Function Description
--------------------------------------------------------
[Alt][ESC] Place top window on bottom of stack
[Alt][Shift][ESC] Place bottom window on top of stack
--------------------------------------------------------
By default, a window's icon is placed on the bottom of the
stack when the window is iconified; however, the default
can be changed by the lowerOnIconify resource.
Transient windows (secondary windows such a dialog boxes)
stay above their parent windows by default. However, an
application's local family stacking order may be changed
to allow a transient window to be placed below its parent
top-level window. The following parameters show the modification
of the stacking order for the f.lower function.
Lowers the transient window within the family (staying
above the parent) and lowers the family in the global window
stack. Lowers the transient window within the family
(staying above the parent) but does not lower the family
in the global window stack. Lowers the window free from
its family stack (below the parent), but does not lower
the family in the global window stack.
The parameters within and freeFamily can also be used with
f.raise and f.raise_lower.
X Defaults [Toc] [Back]
mwm is configured from its resource database. This
database is built from the following sources. They are
listed in order of precedence, low to high:
/usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/Mwm
$HOME/Mwm
RESOURCE_MANAGER root window property or $HOME/.Xdefaults
XENVIRONMENT variable or $HOME/.Xdefaults-host
mwm command line options
The file names /usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/Mwm and $HOME/Mwm
represent customary locations for these files. The actual
location of the system-wide class resource file may depend
on the XFILESEARCHPATH environment variable and the current
language environment. The actual location of the
user-specific class resource file may depend on the XUSERFILESEARCHPATH
and XAPPLRESDIR environment variables and
the current language environment.
Entries in the resource database may refer to other
resource files for specific types of resources. These
include files that contain bitmaps, fonts, and mwm specific
resources such as menus and behavior specifications
(for example, button and key bindings).
Mwm is the resource class name of mwm and mwm is the
default resource name used by mwm to look up resources.
the -screens command line option specifies resource names,
such as "mwm_b+w" and "mwm_color".) In the following discussion
of resource specification, "Mwm" and "mwm" (and
the aliased mwm resource names) can be used interchangeably,
but "mwm" takes precedence over "Mwm".
mwm uses the following types of resources:
Component Appearance Resources:
These resources specify appearance attributes of window
manager user interface components. They can be applied to
the appearance of window manager menus, feedback windows
(for example, the window reconfiguration feedback window),
client window frames, and icons.
General Appearance and Behavior Resources:
These resources specify mwm appearance and behavior (for
example, window management policies). They are not set
separately for different mwm user interface components.
Client Specific Resources:
These mwm resources can be set for a particular client
window or class of client windows. They specify clientspecific
icon and client window frame appearance and
behavior.
Resource identifiers can be either a resource name (for
example, foreground) or a resource class (for example,
Foreground). If the value of a resource is a filename and
if the filename is prefixed by "~/", then it is relative
to the path contained in the HOME environment variable
(generally the user's home directory).
Component Appearance Resources [Toc] [Back]
The syntax for specifying component appearance resources
that apply to window manager icons, menus, and client window
frames is:
Mwm*resource_id
For example, Mwm*foreground is used to specify the foreground
color for mwm menus, icons, client window frames,
and feedback dialogs.
The syntax for specifying component appearance resources
that apply to a particular mwm component is:
Mwm*[menu|icon|client|feedback]*resource_id
If menu is specified, the resource is applied only to mwm
menus; if icon is specified, the resource is applied to
icons; and if client is specified, the resource is applied
to client window frames. For example, Mwm*icon*foreground
is used to specify the foreground color for mwm icons,
Mwm*menu*foreground specifies the foreground color for mwm
menus, and Mwm*client*foreground is used to specify the
foreground color for mwm client window frames.
The appearance of the title area of a client window frame
(including window management buttons) can be separately
configured. The syntax for configuring the title area of
a client window frame is
Mwm*client*title*resource_id
For example, Mwm*client*title*foreground specifies the
foreground color for the title area. Defaults for title
area resources are based on the values of the corresponding
client window frame resources.
The appearance of menus can be configured based on the
name of the menu. The syntax for specifying menu appearance
by name is
Mwm*menu*menu_name*resource_id
For example, Mwm*menu*my_menu*foreground specifies the
foreground color for the menu named my_menu. The user can
also specify resources for window manager menu components,
that is, the gadgets which comprise the menu. These may
include for example, a menu title, title separator, one or
more buttons, and separators. If a menu contains more
than one instance of a class, such as multiple PushButtonGadgets,
the name of the first instance is "PushButtonGadget1",
the second is "PushButtonGadget2", and so on. The
following list identifies the naming convention used for
window manager menu components: Menu Title LabelGadget--"TitleName"
Menu Title SeparatorGadget--"TitleSeparator"
CascadeButtonGadget--"CascadeButtonGadget<n>" PushButtonGadget--"PushButtonGadget<n>"
SeparatorGadget--"SeparatorGadget<n>"
Refer to the man page for each class for a list of
resources which can be specified.
The following component appearance resources that apply to
all window manager parts can be specified:
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Component Appearance Resources--All Window Manager Parts
Name Class Value Type Default
---------------------------------------------------------------------
background Background color varies*
backgroundPixmap BackgroundPixmap string** varies*
bottomShadowColor Foreground color varies*
bottomShadowPixmap BottomShadowPixmap string** varies*
fontList FontList string*** "fixed"
foreground Foreground color varies*
saveUnder SaveUnder T/F F
topShadowColor Background color varies*
topShadowPixmap TopShadowPixmap string** varies*
---------------------------------------------------------------------
* The default is chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
** Image name. See XmInstallImage(3X).
*** X11 X Logical Font Description
This resource specifies the background color. Any legal X
color may be specified. The default value is chosen based
on the visual type of the screen. This resource specifies
the background Pixmap of the mwm decoration when the window
is inactive (does not have the keyboard focus). The
default value is chosen based on the visual type of the
screen. This resource specifies the bottom shadow color.
This color is used for the lower and right bevels of the
window manager decoration. Any legal X color may be specified.
The default value is chosen based on the visual
type of the screen. This resource specifies the bottom
shadow Pixmap. This Pixmap is used for the lower and right
bevels of the window manager decoration. The default is
chosen based on the visual type of the screen. This
resource specifies the font used in the window manager
decoration. The character encoding of the font should
match the character encoding of the strings that are used.
The default is "fixed." This resource specifies the foreground
color. The default is chosen based on the visual
type of the screen. This is used to indicate whether
"save unders" are used for mwm components. For this to
have any effect, save unders must be implemented by the X
server. If save unders are implemented, the X server
saves the contents of windows obscured by windows that
have the save under attribute set. If the saveUnder
resource is True, mwm will set the save under attribute on
the window manager frame of any client that has it set.
If saveUnder is False, save unders will not be used on any
window manager frames. The default value is False. This
resource specifies the top shadow color. This color is
used for the upper and left bevels of the window manager
decoration. The default is chosen based on the visual type
of the screen. This resource specifies the top shadow
Pixmap. This Pixmap is used for the upper and left bevels
of the window manager decoration. The default is chosen
based on the visual type of the screen.
The following component appearance resources that apply to
frame and icons can be specified:
---------------------------------------------------------------
Frame and Icon Components
Name Class Value Type Default
---------------------------------------------------------------
activeBackground Background color varies*
activeBackground- BackgroundPixmap string** varies*
Pixmap
activeBottomShadow- Foreground color varies*
Color
activeBottomShadow- BottomShadow- string** varies*
Pixmap Pixmap
activeForeground Foreground color varies*
activeTopShadowColor Background color varies*
activeTopShadow- TopShadowPixmap string** varies*
Pixmap
---------------------------------------------------------------
* The default is chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
** See XmInstallImage(3X).
This resource specifies the background color of the mwm
decoration when the window is active (has the keyboard
focus). The default is chosen based on the visual type of
the screen. This resource specifies the background Pixmap
of the mwm decoration when the window is active (has the
keyboard focus). The default is chosen based on the
visual type of the screen. This resource specifies the
bottom shadow color of the mwm decoration when the window
is active (has the keyboard focus). The default is chosen
based on the visual type of the screen. This resource
specifies the bottom shadow Pixmap of the mwm decoration
when the window is active (has the keyboard focus). The
default is chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
This resource specifies the foreground color of the mwm
decoration when the window is active (has the keyboard
focus). The default is chosen based on the visual type of
the screen. This resource specifies the top shadow color
of the mwm decoration when the window is active (has the
keyboard focus). The default is chosen based on the
visual type of the screen. This resource specifies the
top shadow Pixmap of the mwm decoration when the window is
active (has the keyboard focus). The default is chosen
based on the visual type of the screen.
General Appearance and Behavior Resources [Toc] [Back]
The syntax for specifying general appearance and behavior
resources is:
Mwm*resource_id
For example, Mwm*keyboardFocusPolicy specifies the window
manager policy for setting the keyboard focus to a particular
client window.
The following general appearance and behavior resources
can be specified:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
General Appearance and Behavior Resources
Name Class Value Type Default
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
autoKeyFocus AutoKeyFocus T/F T
autoRaiseDelay AutoRaiseDelay millisec 500
bitmapDirectory BitmapDirectory directory /usr/include/\
X11/bitmaps
buttonBindings ButtonBindings string "DefaultBut\
tonBindings"
cleanText CleanText T/F T
clientAutoPlace ClientAutoPlace T/F T
colormapFocusPol- ColormapFocusPol- string keyboard
icy icy
configFile ConfigFile file .mwmrc
deiconifyKeyFocus DeiconifyKeyFocus T/F T
doubleClickTime DoubleClickTime millisec. multi-click
time
enableWarp enableWarp T/F T
enforceKeyFocus EnforceKeyFocus T/F T
fadeNormalIcon FadeNormalIcon T/F F
feedbackGeometry FeedbackGeometry string center on
screen
frameBorderWidth FrameBorderWidth pixels varies
iconAutoPlace IconAutoPlace T/F T
iconBoxGeometry IconBoxGeometry string 6x1+0-0
iconBoxName IconBoxName string iconbox
iconBoxSBDisplay- IconBoxSBDisplay- string all
Policy Policy
iconBoxTitle IconBoxTitle XmString Icons
iconClick IconClick T/F T
iconDecoration IconDecoration string varies
iconImageMaximum IconImageMaximum wxh 50x50
iconImageMinimum IconImageMinimum wxh 16x16
iconPlacement IconPlacement string left bottom
iconPlacementMar- IconPlacementMar- pixels varies
gin gin
interactivePlace- InteractivePlace- T/F F
ment ment
keyBindings KeyBindings string "DefaultKey\
Bindings"
keyboardFocusPol- KeyboardFocusPol- string explicit
icy icy
limitResize LimitResize T/F T
lowerOnIconify LowerOnIconify T/F T
maximumMaximumSize MaximumMaximum- wxh (pixels) 2X screen w&h
Size
moveThreshold MoveThreshold pixels 4
moveOpaque MoveOpaque T/F F
multiScreen MultiScreen T/F F
passButtons PassButtons T/F F
passSelectButton PassSelectButton T/F T
positionIsFrame PositionIsFrame T/F T
positionOnScreen PositionOnScreen T/F T
quitTimeout QuitTimeout millisec. 1000
raiseKeyFocus RaiseKeyFocus T/F F
resizeBorderWidth ResizeBorderWidth pixels varies
resizeCursors ResizeCursors T/F T
screens Screens string varies
showFeedback ShowFeedback string all
startupKeyFocus StartupKeyFocus T/F T
transientDecora- TransientDecora- string menu title
tion tion
transientFunctions TransientFunc- string -minimize
tions -maximize
useIconBox UseIconBox T/F F
wMenuButtonClick WMenuButtonClick T/F T
wMenuButtonClick2 WMenuButtonClick2 T/F T
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
This resource is available only when the keyboard input
focus policy is explicit. If autoKeyFocus is given a
value of True, then when a window with the keyboard input
focus is withdrawn from window management or is iconified,
the focus is set to the previous window that had the
focus. If the value given is False, there is no automatic
setting of the keyboard input focus. It is recommended
that both autoKeyFocus and startupKeyFocus be True to work
with tear off menus. The default value is True. This
resource is available only when the focusAutoRaise
resource is True and the keyboard focus policy is pointer.
The autoRaiseDelay resource specifies the amount of time
(in milliseconds) that mwm will wait before raising a window
after it gets the keyboard focus. The default value of
this resource is 500 (ms). This resource identifies a
directory to be searched for bitmaps referenced by mwm
resources. This directory is searched if a bitmap is specified
without an absolute pathname. The default value for
this resource is /usr/include/X11/bitmaps. The directory
/usr/include/X11/bitmaps represents the customary locations
for this directory. The actual location of this
directory may vary on some systems. If the bitmap is not
found in the specified directory, XBMLANGPATH is searched.
This resource identifies the set of button bindings for
window management functions. The named set of button bindings
is specified in the mwm resource description file.
These button bindings are merged with the built-in default
bindings. The default value for this resource is "DefaultButtonBindings".
This resource controls the display of
window manager text in the client title and feedback
windows. If the default value of True is used, the text is
drawn with a clear (no stipple) background. This makes
text easier to read on monochrome systems where a backgroundPixmap
is specified. Only the stippling in the area
immediately around the text is cleared. If False, the
text is drawn directly on top of the existing background.
This resource determines the position of a window when the
window has not been given a program- or user-specified
position. With a value of True, windows are positioned
with the top left corners of the frames offset horizontally
and vertically. A value of False causes the currently
configured position of the window to be used. In
either case, mwm will attempt to place the windows totally
on-screen. The default value is True. This resource indicates
the colormap focus policy that is to be used. If the
resource value is explicit, a colormap selection action is
done on a client window to set the colormap focus to that
window. If the value is pointer, the client window containing
the pointer has the colormap focus. If the value
is keyboard, the client window that has the keyboard input
focus has the colormap focus. The default value for this
resource is keyboard. The resource value is the pathname
for an mwm resource description file.
If the pathname begins with "~/", mwm considers it
to be relative to the user's home directory (as
specified by the HOME environment variable). If the
LANG environment variable is set, mwm looks for
$HOME/$LANG/configFile. If that file does not exist
or if LANG is not set, mwm looks for $HOME/configFile.
If the configFile pathname does not begin with ~/,
mwm considers it to be relative to the current
working directory.
If the configFile resource is not specified or if
that file does not exist, mwm uses several default
paths to find a configuration file. If the LANG
environment variable is set, mwm looks for the configuration
file first in $HOME/$LANG/.mwmrc. If
that file does not exist or if LANG is not set, mwm
looks for $HOME/.mwmrc. If that file does not exist
and if LANG is set, mwm next looks for the file
system.mwmrc in the $LANG subdirectory of an implementation-dependent
directory. (The default for
this directory, if not changed by the implementation,
is /usr/lib/X11.) If that file does not exist
or if LANG is not set, mwm looks for the file system.mwmrc
in the same implementation-dependent
directory. This resource applies only when the
keyboard input focus policy is explicit. If a
value of True is used, a window receives the keyboard
input focus when it is normalized (deiconified).
True is the default value. This resource
is used to set the maximum time (in ms) between the
clicks (button presses) that make up a doubleclick.
The default value of this resource is the
display's multi-click time. The default value of
this resource, True, causes mwm to warp the pointer
to the center of the selected window during keyboard-controlled
resize and move operations. Setting
the value to False causes mwm to leave the
pointer at its original place on the screen, unless
the user explicitly moves it with the cursor keys
or pointing device. If this resource is given a
value of True, the keyboard input focus is always
explicitly set to selected windows even if there is
an indication that they are "globally active" input
windows. (An example of a globally active window
is a scroll bar that can be operated without setting
the focus to that client.) If the resource is
False, the keyboard input focus is not explicitly
set to globally active windows. The default value
is True. If this resource is given a value of
True, an icon is grayed out whenever it has been
normalized (its window has been opened). The
default value is False. This resource sets the
position of the move and resize feedback window. If
this resource is not specified, the default is to
place the feedback window at the center of the
screen. The value of the resource is a standard
window geometry string with the following syntax:
[=]{+-}xoffset{+-}yoffset] This resource specifies
the width (in pixels) of a client window frame border
without resize handles. The border width
includes the 3-D shadows. The default value is
based on the size and resolution of the screen.
This resource indicates whether the window manager
arranges icons in a particular area of the screen
or places each icon where the window was when it
was iconified. The value True indicates that icons
are arranged in a particular area of the screen,
determined by the iconPlacement resource. The value
False indicates that an icon is placed at the location
of the window when it is iconified. The
default is True. This resource indicates the initial
position and size of the icon box. The value
of the resource is a standard window geometry
string with the following syntax:
[=][widthxheight][{+-}xoffset{+-}yoffset]
If the offsets are not provided, the iconPlacement
policy is used to determine the initial placement.
The units for width and height are columns and
rows.
The actual screen size of the icon box window
depends on the iconImageMaximum (size) and iconDecoration
resources. The default value for size is
(6 * iconWidth + padding) wide by (1 * iconHeight +
padding) high. The default value of the location
is +0 -0. This resource specifies the name that is
used to look up icon box resources. The default
name is "iconbox". This resource specifies the
scroll bar display policy of the window manager in
the icon box. The resource has three possible values:
all, vertical, and horizontal. The default
value, "all", causes both vertical and horizontal
scroll bars always to appear. The value "vertical"
causes a single vertical scroll bar to appear in
the icon box and sets the orientation of the icon
box to horizontal (regardless of the iconBoxGeometry
specification). The value "horizontal" causes a
single horizontal scroll bar to appear in the icon
box and sets the orientation of the icon box to
vertical (regardless of the iconBoxGeometry specification).
This resource specifies the name that
is used in the title area of the icon box frame.
The default value is "Icons". When this resource
is given the value of True, the system menu is
posted and left posted when an icon is clicked.
The default value is True. This resource specifies
the general icon decoration. The resource value is
label (only the label part is displayed) or image
(only the image part is displayed) or label image
(both the label and image parts are displayed). A
value of activelabel can also be specified to get a
label (not truncated to the width of the icon) when
the icon is selected. The default icon decoration
for icon box icons is that each icon has a label
part and an image part (label image). The default
icon decoration for stand alone icons is that each
icon has an active label part, a label part, and an
image part (activelabel label image). This
resource specifies the maximum size of the icon
image. The resource value is widthxheight (for
example, 64x64). The maximum supported size is
128x128. The default value of this resource is
50x50. This resource specifies the minimum size of
the icon image. The resource value is widthxheight
(for example, 32x50). The minimum supported size is
16x16. The default value of this resource is 16x16.
This resource specifies the icon placement scheme
to be used. The resource value has the following
syntax:
primary_layout secondary_layout [tight]
The layout values are one of the following:
------------------------------------------
Value Description
------------------------------------------
top Lay the icons out top to bottom.
bottom Lay the icons out bottom to top.
left Lay the icons out left to right.
right Lay the icons out right to left.
------------------------------------------
A horizontal (vertical) layout value should not be
used for both the primary_layout and the secondary_layout
(for example, don't use top for the
primary_layout and bottom for the secondary_layout).
The primary_layout indicates whether, when an
icon placement is done, the icon is placed in a row
or a column and the direction of placement. The
secondary_layout indicates where to place new rows
or columns. For example, top right indicates that
icons should be placed top to bottom on the screen
and that columns should be added from right to left
on the screen. The default placement is left bottom
(icons are placed left to right on the screen, with
the first row on the bottom of the screen, and new
rows added from the bottom of the screen to the top
of the screen). A tight value places icons with
zero spacing in between icons. This value is useful
for aesthetic reasons, as well as X-terminals
with small screens. This resource sets the distance
between the edge of the screen and the icons
that are placed along the edge of the screen. The
value should be greater than or equal to 0. A
default value (see below) is used if the value
specified is invalid. The default value for this
resource is equal to the space between icons as
they are placed on the screen (this space is based
on maximizing the number of icons in each row and
column). This resource controls the initial placement
of new windows on the screen. If the value is
True, the pointer shape changes before a new window
is placed on the screen to indicate to the user
that a position should be selected for the upperleft
hand corner of the window. If the value is
False, windows are placed according to the initial
window configuration attributes. The default value
of this resource is False. This resource identifies
the set of key bindings for window management
functions. If specified, these key bindings replace
the built-in default bindings. The named set of key
bindings is specified in mwm resource description
file. The default value for this resource is
"DefaultKeyBindings". If set to pointer, the keyboard
focus policy is to have the keyboard focus
set to the client window that contains the pointer
(the pointer could also be in the client window
decoration that mwm adds). If set to explicit, the
policy is to have the keyboard focus set to a
client window when the user presses button 1 with
the pointer on the client window or any part of the
associated mwm decoration. The default value for
this resource is explicit. If this resource is
True, the user is not allowed to resize a window to
greater than the maximum size. The default value
for this resource is True. If this resource is
given the default value of True, a window's icon
appears on the bottom of the window stack when the
window is minimized (iconified). A value of False
places the icon in the stacking order at the same
place as its associated window. The default value
of this resource is True. This resource is used to
limit the maximum size of a client window as set by
the user or client. The resource value is widthxheight
(for example, 1024x1024) where the width and
height are in pixels. The default value of this
resource is twice the screen width and height.
This resource controls whether the actual window is
moved or a rectangular outline of the window is
moved. A default value of False displays a rectangular
outline on moves. This resource is used to
control the sensitivity of dragging operations that
move windows and icons. The value of this resource
is the number of pixels that the locator is moved
with a button down before the move operation is
initiated. This is used to prevent window/icon
movement when you click or double-click and there
is unintentional pointer movement with the button
down. The default value of this resource is 4 (pixels).
This resource, if True, causes mwm to manage
all the screens on the display. If False, mwm manages
only a single screen. The default value is
False. This resource indicates whether or not button
press events are passed to clients after they
are used to do a window manager function in the
client context. If the resource value is False, the
button press is not passed to the client. If the
value is True, the button press is passed to the
client window. The window manager function is done
in either case. The default value for this
resource is False. This resource indicates whether
or not to pass the select button press events to
clients after they are used to do a window manager
function in the client context. If the resource
value is False, then the button press will not be
passed to the client. If the value is True, the
button press is passed to the client window. The
window manager function is done in either case.
The default value for this resource is True. This
resource indicates how client window position
information (from the WM_NORMAL_HINTS property and
from configuration requests) is to be interpreted.
If the resource value is True, the information is
interpreted as the position of the MWM client window
frame. If the value is False, it is interpreted
as being the position of the client area of
the window. The default value of this resource is
True. This resource is used to indicate that windows
should initially be placed (if possible) so
that they are not clipped by the edge of the screen
(if the resource value is True). If a window is
larger than the size of the screen, at least the
upper-left corner of the window is on-screen. If
the resource value is False, windows are placed in
the requested position even if totally off-screen.
The default value of this resource is True. This
resource specifies the amount of time (in milliseconds)
that mwm will wait for a client to update the
WM_COMMAND property after mwm has sent the
WM_SAVE_YOURSELF message. The default value of
this resource is 1000 (ms). (Refer to the f.kill
function description for additional information.)
This resource is available only when the keyboard
input focus policy is explicit. When set to True,
this resource specifies that a window raised by
means of the f.normalize_and_raise function also
receives the input focus. The default value of this
resource is False. This resource specifies the
width (in pixels) of a client window frame border
with resize handles. The specified border width
includes the 3-D shadows. The default value is
based on the size and resolution of the screen.
This is used to indicate whether the resize cursors
are always displayed when the pointer is in the
window size border. If True, the cursors are shown,
otherwise the window manager cursor is shown. The
default value is True. This resource specifies the
resource names to use for the screens managed by
mwm. If mwm is managing a single screen, only the
first name in the list is used. If mwm is managing
multiple screens, the names are assigned to the
screens in order, starting with screen 0. Screen 0
gets the first name, screen 1 the second name, and
so on. The default screen names are 0, 1, and so
on. This resource controls whether or not feedback
windows or confirmation dialogs are displayed. A
feedback window shows a client window's initial
placement and shows position and size during move
and resize operations. Confirmation dialogs can be
displayed for certain operations.
The value for this resource is a list of names of
the feedback options to be enabled or disabled; the
names must be separated by a space. If an option is
preceded by a minus sign, that option is excluded
from the list. The sign of the first item in the
list determines the initial set of options. If the
sign of the first option is minus, mwm assumes all
options are present and starts subtracting from
that set. If the sign of the first decoration is
plus (or not specified), mwm starts with no options
and builds up a list from the resource.
The names of the feedback options are shown below:
------------------------------------------------------------
Name Description
------------------------------------------------------------
all Show all feedback (Default value)
behavior Confirm behavior switch
kill Confirm on receipt of KILL signal
move Show position during move
none Show no feedback
placement Show position and size during initial placement
quit Confirm quitting mwm
resize Show size during resize
restart Confirm mwm restart
------------------------------------------------------------
The following command line illustrates the syntax
for showFeedback:
Mwm*showFeedback: placement resize behavior restart
This resource specification provides feedback for
initial client placement and resize, and enables
the dialog boxes to confirm the restart and set
behavior functions. It disables feedback for the
move function. The default value for this resource
is all. This resource is available only when the
keyboard input focus policy is explicit. When
given the default value of True, a window gets the
keyboard input focus when the window is mapped
(that is, initially managed by the window manager).
It is recommended that both autoKeyFocus and startupKeyFocus
be True to work with tear off menus.
The default value is True. This controls the
amount of decoration that mwm puts on transient
windows. The decoration specification is exactly
the same as for the clientDecoration (client specific)
resource. Transient windows are identified
by the WM_TRANSIENT_FOR property, which is added by
the client to indicate a relatively temporary window.
The default value for this resource is menu
title (that is, transient windows have frame borders
and a titlebar with a window menu button).
An application can also specify which decorations
mwm should apply to its windows. If it does so, mwm
applies only those decorations indicated by both
the application and the transientDecoration
resource. Otherwise, mwm applies the decorations
indicated by the transientDecoration resource. For
more information see the description of XmNmwmDecorations
on the VendorShell(3X) reference page.
This resource is used to indicate which window management
functions are applicable (or not applicable)
to transient windows. The function specification
is exactly the same as for the clientFunctions
(client specific) resource. The default value for
this resource is -minimize -maximize.
An application can also specify which functions mwm
should apply to its windows. If it does so, mwm
applies only those functions indicated by both the
application and the transientFunctions resource.
Otherwise, mwm applies the functions indicated by
the transientFunctions resource. For more information
see the description of XmNmwmFunctions on the
VendorShell(3X) reference page. If this resource
is given a value of True, icons are placed in an
icon box. When an icon box is not used, the icons
are placed on the root window (default value).
This resource indicates whether a click of the
mouse when the pointer is over the window menu button
posts and leaves posted the window menu. If
the value given this resource is True, the menu
remains posted. True is the default value for this
resource. When this resource is given the default
value of True, a double-click action on the window
menu button does an f.kill function.
Client Specific Resources [Toc] [Back]
The syntax for specifying client specific resources is:
Mwm*client_name_or_class*resource_id
For example, Mwm*mterm*windowMenu is used to specify the
window menu to be used with mterm clients. The syntax for
specifying client specific resources for all classes of
clients is:
Mwm*resource_id
Specific client specifications take precedence over the
specifications for all clients. For example, Mwm*windowMenu
is used to specify the window menu to be used for all
classes of clients that don't have a window menu specified.
The syntax for specifying resource values for windows that
have an unknown name and class (that is, windows that do
not have a WM_CLASS property associated with them) is:
Mwm*defaults*resource_id
For example, Mwm*defaults*iconImage is used to specify the
icon image to be used for windows that have an unknown
name and class.
The following client specific resources can be specified:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Client Specific Resources
Name Class Value Type Default
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
clientDecoration ClientDecoration string all
clientFunctions ClientFunctions string all
focusAutoRaise FocusAutoRaise T/F varies
iconImage IconImage pathname (image)
iconImageBack- Background color icon background
ground
iconImageBot- Foreground color icon bottom
tomShadowColor shadow
iconImageBot- BottomShadow- color icon bottom
tomShadowPixmap Pixmap shadow pixmap
iconImageFore- Foreground color varies
ground
iconImageTopShad- Background
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