SETBUF(3F)							    SETBUF(3F)

NAME    [Toc]    [Back]

     setbuf, setvbuf, setbuffer, setlinebuf - assign buffering to a stream
     logical unit

FORTRAN	SYNOPSIS
     #include <stdio.h>

     character *(BUFSIZ+8) buf
     integer type, size, setbuf, setvbuf, setbuffer,

     setbuf (lun, buf)

     setvbuf (lun, buf,	size)

     setbuffer (lun, buf, size)

     setlinebuf	(lun)

C SYNOPSIS    [Toc]    [Back]

     #include <stdio.h>

     void setbuf (FILE *stream,	char *buf);

     int setvbuf (FILE *stream,	char *buf, int type, size_t size);

     int setbuffer (FILE *stream, char *buf, int size);

     int setlinebuf (FILE *stream);

DESCRIPTION    [Toc]    [Back]

     The three types of	buffering available are	unbuffered, fully buffered,
     and line buffered.	 When an output	stream unit is unbuffered, information
     appears on	the destination	file or	terminal as soon as written; when it
     is	fully buffered many characters are saved up and	written	as a block;
     when it is	line buffered characters are saved up until a newline is
     encountered or input is read from stdin.  Fflush(3S) flush(3F) may	be
     used to force the block out early.	 By default, output to a terminal is
     line buffered and all other input/output is fully buffered.

     Setbuf may	be used	after a	stream unit has	been opened but	before it is
     read or written.  It causes the array pointed to by buf to	be used
     instead of	an automatically allocated buffer.  If buf is the NULL pointer
     input/output will be completely unbuffered.  If buf is not	the NULL
     pointer and the indicated stream lun is open to a terminal, output	will
     be	line buffered.

     A constant	BUFSIZ,	defined	in the <stdio.h> header	file, indicates	the
     assumed minimum length of buf.  It	is wise	to allocate a few words	of
     extra space for buf, to allow for any synchronization problems resulting
     from signals occurring at inopportune times.  A good choice (and the one
     used by default in	stdio(3s)) is




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SETBUF(3F)							    SETBUF(3F)



	  char buf[BUFSIZ + 8];	character *(BUFSIZ + 8)	buf

     Setvbuf may be used after a stream	unit has been opened but before	it is
     read or written.  Type determines how stream lun will be buffered.	 Legal
     values for	type (defined in <stdio.h>) are:

     _IOFBF  causes input/output to be fully buffered.

     _IOLBF  causes output to be line buffered;	the buffer will	be flushed
	     when a newline is written,	the buffer is full, or input is
	     requested.

     _IONBF  causes input/output to be completely unbuffered.

     If	input/output is	unbuffered, buf	and size are ignored.  For buffered
     input/output, if buf is not the NULL pointer and size is greater than
     eight, the	array it points	to will	be used	for buffering.	In this	case,
     size specifies the	length of this array. The actual buffer	will consist
     of	the first size-8 bytes of buf (see the discussion of BUFSIZ above).
     If	buf is the NULL	pointer, or size is less than eight, space will	be
     allocated to accommodate a	buffer.	 This buffer will be of	length BUFSIZ.
     (The actual space allocated will be eight bytes longer.)

     Setbuffer and setlinebuf are provided for compatibility with 4.3BSD.
     Setbuffer,	an alternate form of setbuf, is	used after a stream unit has
     been opened but before it is read or written.  The	character array	buf
     whose size	is determined by the size argument is used instead of an
     automatically allocated buffer.  If buf is	the constant pointer NULL,
     input/output will be completely unbuffered.

     Setlinebuf	is used	to change stdout or stderr from	fully buffered or
     unbuffered	to line	buffered.  Unlike the other routines, it can be	used
     at	any time that the file descriptor is active.

SEE ALSO    [Toc]    [Back]

     fopen(3S),	fflush(3S), getc(3S), malloc(3C), putc(3S), stdio(3S).
     flush(3F),	perror(3F).

DIAGNOSTICS    [Toc]    [Back]

     Success is	indicated by setvbuf and setbuffer returning zero.  a zero
     return value.  A non-zero return value indicates an error.	 The value of
     errno can be examined to determine	the cause of the error.	 If it is
     necessary to allocate a buffer and	the attempt is unsuccessful, setvbuf
     and setbuffer return a non-zero value. Setvbuf will also return non-zero
     if	the value of type is not one of	_IONBF,	_IOLBF,	or _IOFBF.

NOTES    [Toc]    [Back]

     A common source of	error is allocating buffer space as an ``automatic''
     variable in a code	block, and then	failing	to close the stream unit in
     the same block.

     These functions cannot be used on direct unformatted units.



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SETBUF(3F)							    SETBUF(3F)


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