mwm(user cmd) UNIX System V mwm(user cmd)
NAME [Toc] [Back]
mwm - The Motif Window Manager
SYNOPSIS [Toc] [Back]
mwm [options]
DESCRIPTION [Toc] [Back]
The mwm window manager provides functions that facilitate
control (by the user and the programmer) of elements of
window state such as placement, size, icon/normal display,
and input-focus ownership.
The stand-alone window manager is not an integral part of
CDE and does not support communication with other components
in the CDE environment, such as the Style Manager and the
Session Manager.
Options
-display display
This option specifies the display to use; see
X(1).
-xrm resourcestring
This option specifies a resource string to use.
-multiscreen
This option causes mwm to manage all screens on
the display. Since mwm does this by default, this
option is of limited use. See the multiScreen
resource for information on managing a single
screen.
-name name
This option causes mwm to retrieve its resources
using the specified name, as in name*resource.
-screens name [name [...]]
This option specifies the resource names to use
for the screens managed by mwm. If mwm is managing
a single screen, only the first name in the list
is used. If mwmis managing multiple screens, the
names are assigned to the screens in order,
starting with screen 0. Screen 0 gets the first
name, screen 1 the second name, and so on.
Appearance
The following sections describe the basic default behaviors
of windows, icons, the icon box, input focus, and window
stacking. The appearance and behavior of the window manager
can be altered by changing the configuration of specific
resources. Resources are defined under the heading "X
DEFAULTS."
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Screens
By default, mwm manages only the single screen specified by
the -display option or the DISPLAY environment variable (by
default, screen 0). If the -multiscreen option is specified
or if the multiScreen resource is True, mwm tries to manage
all the screens on the display.
When mwm is managing multiple screens, the -screens option
can be used to give each screen a unique resource name. The
names are separated by blanks, for example, -screens scr0
scr1. If there are more screens than names, resources for
the remaining screens will be retrieved using the first
name. By default, the screen number is used for the screen
name.
Windows
Default mwm window frames have distinct components with
associated functions:
Title Area
In addition to displaying the client's title, the
title area is used to move the window. To move the
window, place the pointer over the title area,
press button 1 and drag the window to a new
location. By default, a wire frame is moved during
the drag to indicate the new location. When the
button is released, the window is moved to the new
location.
Title Bar The title bar includes the title area, the
minimize button, the maximize button, and the
window menu button. In shaped windows, such as
round windows, the title bar floats above the
window.
Minimize Button
To turn the window into an icon, click button 1 on
the minimize button (the frame box with a small
square in it).
Maximize Button
To make the window fill the screen (or enlarge to
the largest size allowed by the configuration
files), click button 1 on the maximize button (the
frame box with a large square in it).
Window Menu Button
The window menu button is the frame box with a
horizontal bar in it. To pull down the window
menu, press button 1. While pressing, drag the
pointer on the menu to your selection, then
release the button when your selection is
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highlighted. Pressing button 3 in the title bar or
resize border handles also posts the window menu.
Alternately, you can click button 1 to pull down
the menu and keep it posted; then position the
pointer and select. You can also post the window
menu by pressing <Shift> <Esc> or <Alt> <Space>.
Double-clicking button 1 with the pointer on the
window menu button closes the window.
The following table lists the contents of the window menu.
Default Window Menu
Selection Accelerator Description
Restore Restores the window to its size
before minimizing or maximizing.
Move Allows the window to be moved
with keys or mouse.
Size Allows the window to be resized.
Minimize Turns the window into an icon.
Maximize Makes the window fill the screen.
Lower Moves window to bottom of window
stack.
Close Alt+F4 Causes client to terminate.
Resize Border Handles
To change the size of a window, move the pointer
over a resize border handle (the cursor changes),
press button 1, and drag the window to a new size.
When the button is released, the window is
resized. While dragging is being done, a rubberband
outline is displayed to indicate the new
window size.
Matte An optional matte decoration can be added between
the client area and the window frame (see the
matteWidth resource). A matte is not actually part
of the window frame. There is no functionality
associated with a matte.
Icons
Icons are small graphic representations of windows. A window
can be minimized (iconified) using the minimize button on
the window frame. Icons provide a way to reduce clutter on
the screen.
Pressing mouse button 1 when the pointer is over an icon
causes the icon's window menu to pop up. Releasing the
button (press + release without moving mouse = click) causes
the menu to stay posted. The menu contains the following
selections:
Icon Window Menu
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Selection Accelerator Description
Restore Opens the associated window.
Move Allows the icon to be moved with
keys.
Size Inactive (not an option for icons).
Minimize Inactive (not an option for icons).
Maximize Opens the associated window and
makes it fill the screen.
Lower Moves icon to bottom of icon stack.
Close Alt+F4 Removes client from mwmmanagement.
Note that pressing button 3 over an icon also causes the
icon's window menu to pop up. To make a menu selection, drag
the pointer over the menu and release button 3 when the
desired item is highlighted.
Double-clicking button 1 on an icon invokes the
f.restore_and_raise function and restores the icon's
associated window to its previous state. For example, if a
maximized window is iconified, double-clicking button 1
restores it to its maximized state. Double-clicking button 1
on the icon box's icon opens the icon box and allows access
to the contained icons. (In general, double-clicking a mouse
button is a quick way to perform a function.) Pressing
<Shift> <Esc> or <Menu> (the pop-up menu key) causes the
icon window menu of the currently selected icon to pop up.
Icon Box
When icons begin to clutter the screen, they can be packed
into an icon box. (To use an icon box, mwm must be started
with the icon box configuration already set.) The icon box
is a mwmwindow that holds client icons. It includes one or
more scroll bars when there are more window icons than the
icon box can show at the same time.
Icons in the icon box can be manipulated with the mouse. The
following table summarizes the behavior of this interface.
Button actions apply whenever the pointer is on any part of
the icon. Note that double-clicking an icon in the icon box
invokes the f.restore_and_raise function.
Button Action Description
Button 1 click Selects the icon.
Button 1 double-click Normalizes (opens) the associated
window. Raises an already open
window to the top of the stack.
Button 1 drag Moves the icon.
Button 3 press Causes the menu for that icon to pop
up.
Highlights items as the pointer
moves across the menu.
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Button 3 drag
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Pressing mouse button 3 when the pointer is over an icon
causes the menu for that icon to pop up.
Icon Menu for the Icon Box
Selection Accelerator Description
Restore Opens the associated window (if not
already open).
Move Allows the icon to be moved with
keys.
Size Inactive.
Minimize Inactive.
Maximize Opens the associated window (if not
already open) and maximizes its
size.
Lower Inactive.
Close Alt+F4 Removes client from mwmmanagement.
To pull down the window menu for the icon box itself, press
button 1 with the pointer over the menu button for the icon
box. The window menu of the icon box differs from the window
menu of a client window: The "Close" selection is replaced
with the "PackIcons Shift+Alt+F7" selection. When selected,
PackIcons packs the icons in the box to achieve neat rows
with no empty slots.
You can also post the window menu by pressing <Shift>, <Esc>
or <Alt> <Space>. Pressing <Menu> (the pop-up menu key)
causes the icon window menu of the currently selected icon
to pop up.
Input Focus
The mwm window manager supports (by default) a keyboard
input focus policy of explicit selection. This means when a
window is selected to get keyboard input, it continues to
get keyboard input until the window is withdrawn from window
management, another window is explicitly selected to get
keyboard input, or the window is iconified. Several
resources control the input focus. The client window with
the keyboard input focus has the active window appearance
with a visually distinct window frame.
The following tables summarize the keyboard input focus
selection behavior:
Button Action Object Function Description
Button 1 press Window / window frame Keyboard focus selection.
Button 1 press Icon Keyboard focus selection.
Key Action Function Description
Move input focus to next window in window
stack (available only in explicit focus
mode).
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[Alt][Tab]
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[Alt][Shift][Tab] Move input focus to previous window in
window stack (available only in explicit
focus mode).
Window Stacking
There are two types of window stacks: global window stacks
and an application's local family window stack.
The global stacking order of windows may be changed as a
result of setting the keyboard input focus, iconifying a
window, or performing a window manager window stacking
function. When keyboard focus policy is explicit the default
value of the focusAutoRaise resource is True. This causes a
window to be raised to the top of the stack when it receives
input focus, for example, by pressing button 1 on the title
bar. The key actions defined in the previous table will thus
raise the window receiving focus to the top of the stack.
In pointer mode, the default value of focusAutoRaiseis
False, that is, the window stacking order is not changed
when a window receives keyboard input focus. The following
key actions can be used to cycle through the global window
stack.
Key Action Function Description
[Alt][ESC] Place top window on bottom of stack.
[Alt][Shift][ESC] Place bottom window on top of stack.
By default, a window's icon is placed on the bottom of the
stack when the window is iconified; however, the default can
be changed by the lowerOnIconify resource.
Transient windows (secondary windows such a dialog boxes)
stay above their parent windows by default; however, an
application's local family stacking order may be changed to
allow a transient window to be placed below its parent toplevel
window. The following arguments show the modification
of the stacking order for the f.lower function.
f.lower Lowers the transient window within the family
(staying above the parent) and lowers the family
in the global window stack.
f.lower [ within]
Lowers the transient window within the family
(staying above the parent) but does not lower the
family in the global window stack.
f.lower [freeFamily ]
Lowers the window free from its family stack
(below the parent), but does not lower the family
in the global window stack.
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The arguments within and freeFamily can also be used with
f.raiseand f.raise_lower.
Session Management
The window manager is an X Session Management Protocol aware
client. It responds to SaveYourself (and other associated
messages) by saving the geometries of its clients to a state
file. mwm can then be restarted by the XSMP session manager.
The default location for the state file is
$HOME/.mwmclientdb. This location can be overriden with the
resource sessionClientDB.
X Resources
The mwm command is configured from its resource database.
This database is built from the following sources. They are
listed in order of precedence, low to high:
/usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/Mwm
$HOME/Mwm
RESOURCE_MANAGER root window property or $HOME/.Xdefaults
XENVIRONMENT variable or $HOME/.Xdefaults-host
mwm command line options
The file names /usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/Mwm and $HOME/Mwm
represent customary locations for these files. The actual
location of the system-wide class resource file may depend
on the XFILESEARCHPATH environment variable and the current
language environment. The actual location of the userspecific
class resource file may depend on the
XUSERFILESEARCHPATH and XAPPLRESDIRenvironment variables and
the current language environment.
Entries in the resource database may refer to other resource
files for specific types of resources. These include files
that contain bitmaps, fonts, and mwm specific resources such
as menus and behavior specifications (for example, button
and key bindings).
Mwm is the resource class name of mwm and mwm is the default
resource name used by mwm to look up resources. the
-screenscommand line option specifies resource names, such
as "mwm_b+w" and "mwm_color".) In the following discussion
of resource specification, "Mwm" and "mwm" (and the aliased
mwm resource names) can be used interchangeably, but "mwm"
takes precedence over "Mwm".
The mwm command uses the following types of resources:
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Component Appearance Resources:
These resources specify appearance attributes of
window manager user interface components. They can
be applied to the appearance of window manager
menus, feedback windows (for example, the window
reconfiguration feedback window), client window
frames, and icons.
General Appearance and Behavior Resources:
These resources specify mwm appearance and
behavior (for example, window management
policies). They are not set separately for
different mwm user interface components. They
apply to all screens and workspaces.
Screen Specific Appearance and Behavior Resources:
These resources specify the appearance and
behavior of mwm elements that are settable on a
per-screen basis.
Client Specific Resources:
These mwm resources can be set for a particular
client window or class of client windows. They
specify client-specific icon and client window
frame appearance and behavior.
Resource identifiers can be either a resource name (for
example, foreground) or a resource class (for example,
Foreground). If the value of a resource is a filename and if
the filename is prefixed by "~/", then it is relative to the
path contained in the HOMEenvironment variable (generally
the user's home directory).
Component Appearance Resources
The syntax for specifying component appearance resources
that apply to window manager icons, menus, and client window
frames is Mwm* resource_id
For example, Mwm*foreground is used to specify the
foreground color for mwm menus, icons, client window frames,
and feedback dialogs.
The syntax for specifying component appearance resources
that apply to a particular mwm component is
Mwm*[menu|icon|client|feedback] *resource_id
If menu is specified, the resource is applied only to mwm
menus; if icon is specified, the resource is applied to
icons; and if client is specified, the resource is applied
to client window frames. For example, Mwm*icon*foreground is
used to specify the foreground color for mwmicons,
Mwm*menu*foreground specifies the foreground color for mwm
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menus, and Mwm*client*foreground is used to specify the
foreground color for mwmclient window frames.
The appearance of the title area of a client window frame
(including window management buttons) can be separately
configured. The syntax for configuring the title area of a
client window frame is Mwm*client*title* resource_id
For example, Mwm*client*title*foreground specifies the
foreground color for the title area. Defaults for title area
resources are based on the values of the corresponding
client window frame resources.
The appearance of menus can be configured based on the name
of the menu. The syntax for specifying menu appearance by
name is Mwm*menu* menu_name*resource_id
For example, Mwm*menu*my_menu*foreground specifies the
foreground color for the menu named my_menu. The user can
also specify resources for window manager menu components,
that is, the gadgets that comprise the menu. These may
include for example, a menu title, title separator, one or
more buttons, and separators. If a menu contains more than
one instance of a class, such as multiple PushButtonGadgets,
the name of the first instance is "PushButtonGadget1", the
second is "PushButtonGadget2", and so on. The following list
identifies the naming convention used for window manager
menu components:
o Menu Title LabelGadget - "TitleName"
o Menu Title SeparatorGadget - "TitleSeparator"
o CascadeButtonGadget - "CascadeButtonGadget<n>"
o PushButtonGadget - "PushButtonGadget<n>"
o SeparatorGadget - "SeparatorGadget<n>"
Refer to the man page for each class for a list of resources
that can be specified.
The following component appearance resources that apply to
all window manager parts can be specified:
Component Appearance Resources - All Window Manager Parts
Name Class Value Type Default
background Background color variesbackgroundPixmap
BackgroundPixmap string-- variesbottomShadowColor
Foreground color varies
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bottomShadowPixmap Foreground string-- variesfontList
FontList string--- "fixed"
foreground Foreground color variessaveUnder
SaveUnder T/F F
topShadowColor Background color variestopShadowPixmap
TopShadowPixmap string-- varies
-The default is chosen based on the visual type of the
screen. --Image name. See XmInstallImage(3). ---X11 X
Logical Font Description
background (class Background)
This resource specifies the background color. Any
legal X color may be specified. The default value
is chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
backgroundPixmap (class BackgroundPixmap)
This resource specifies the background Pixmap of
the mwmdecoration when the window is inactive
(does not have the keyboard focus). The default
value is chosen based on the visual type of the
screen.
bottomShadowColor (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow color.
This color is used for the lower and right bevels
of the window manager decoration. Any legal X
color may be specified. The default value is
chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
bottomShadowPixmap (class BottomShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow Pixmap.
This Pixmap is used for the lower and right bevels
of the window manager decoration. The default is
chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
fontList (class FontList)
This resource specifies the font used in the
window manager decoration. The character encoding
of the font should match the character encoding of
the strings that are used. The default is "fixed."
foreground (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the foreground color. The
default is chosen based on the visual type of the
screen.
saveUnder (class SaveUnder)
This is used to indicate whether "save unders" are
used for mwm components. For this to have any
effect, save unders must be implemented by the X
server. If save unders are implemented, the X
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server saves the contents of windows obscured by
windows that have the save under attribute set. If
the saveUnder resource is True, mwm will set the
save under attribute on the window manager frame
of any client that has it set. If saveUnder is
False, save unders will not be used on any window
manager frames. The default value is False.
topShadowColor (class Background)
This resource specifies the top shadow color. This
color is used for the upper and left bevels of the
window manager decoration. The default is chosen
based on the visual type of the screen.
topShadowPixmap ( class TopShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the top shadow Pixmap.
This Pixmap is used for the upper and left bevels
of the window manager decoration. The default is
chosen based on the visual type of the screen.
The following component appearance resources that apply to
frame and icons can be specified:
Frame and Icon Components
Name Class Value Type Default
activeBackground Background color variesactiveBackgroundPixmap
BackgroundPixmap string-- variesactiveBottomShadowColor
Foreground color variesactiveBottomShadowPixmap
BottomShadowPixmap string-- variesactiveForeground
Foreground color variesactiveTopShadowColor
Background color variesactiveTopShadowPixmap
TopShadowPixmap string-- varies
-The default is chosen based on the visual type of the
screen. --See XmInstallImage(3).
activeBackground (class Background)
This resource specifies the background color of
the mwmdecoration when the window is active (has
the keyboard focus). The default is chosen based
on the visual type of the screen.
activeBackgroundPixmap (class ActiveBackgroundPixmap)
This resource specifies the background Pixmap of
the mwmdecoration when the window is active (has
the keyboard focus). The default is chosen based
on the visual type of the screen.
activeBottomShadowColor (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow color of
the mwm decoration when the window is active (has
the keyboard focus). The default is chosen based
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on the visual type of the screen.
activeBottomShadowPixmap (class BottomShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the bottom shadow Pixmap
of the mwm decoration when the window is active
(has the keyboard focus). The default is chosen
based on the visual type of the screen.
activeForeground (class Foreground)
This resource specifies the foreground color of
the mwmdecoration when the window is active (has
the keyboard focus). The default is chosen based
on the visual type of the screen.
activeTopShadowColor (class Background)
This resource specifies the top shadow color of
the mwmdecoration when the window is active (has
the keyboard focus). The default is chosen based
on the visual type of the screen.
activeTopShadowPixmap (class TopShadowPixmap)
This resource specifies the top shadow Pixmap of
the mwmdecoration when the window is active (has
the keyboard focus). The default is chosen based
on the visual type of the screen.
General Appearance and Behavior Resources
The syntax for specifying general appearance and behavior
resources is Mwm*resource_id
For example, Mwm*keyboardFocusPolicy specifies the window
manager policy for setting the keyboard focus to a
particular client window.
The following general appearance and behavior resources can
be specified:
General Appearance and Behavior Resources
Name Class Value Type Default
autoKeyFocus AutoKeyFocus T/F T
autoRaiseDelay AutoRaiseDelay millisec 500
bitmap- Bitmap- directory /usr/includeDirectory
Directory /X11/bitmaps
clientAutoPlace ClientAutoPlace T/F T
colormapFocus- ColormapFocus- string keyboard
Policy Policy
configFile ConfigFile file $HOME/mwmrc
deiconifyKeyFocus DeiconifyKeyFocus T/F T
doubleClick- DoubleClick- millisec. multi-click
Time Time time
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enableWarp enableWarp T/F T
enforceKeyFocus EnforceKeyFocus T/F T
frameStyle FrameStyle string recessed
iconAutoPlace IconAutoPlace T/F T
iconClick IconClick T/F T
interactivePlacement InteractivePlacement T/F T
keyboardFocus- KeyboardFocus- string explicit
Policy Policy
lowerOnIconify LowerOnIconify T/F T
moveThreshold MoveThreshold pixels 4
multiScreen MultiScreen T/F T
passButtons PassButtons T/F F
passSelectButton PassSelectButton T/F T
positionIsFrame PositionIsFrame T/F T
positionOnScreen PositionOnScreen T/F T
quitTimeout QuitTimeout millisec. 1000
raiseKeyFocus RaiseKeyFocus T/F F
refreshByClearing RefreshByClearing T/F T
rootButtonClick RootButtonClick T/F F
screens Screens string varies
sessionClientDB SessionClientDB string $HOME/.mwmclientdb
showFeedback ShowFeedback string all
startupKeyFocus StartupKeyFocus T/F T
wMenuButtonClick WMenuButtonClick T/F T
wMenuButtonClick2 WMenuButtonClick2 T/F T
-The resource doubleClickTime is included for backward
compatibility. Use of the Xt resource multiClickTime is
preferred.
autoKeyFocus (class AutoKeyFocus)
This resource is available only when the keyboard
input focus policy is explicit. If autoKeyFocus is
given a value of True, then when a window with the
keyboard input focus is withdrawn from window
management or is iconified, the focus is set to
the previous window that had the focus. If the
value given is False, there is no automatic
setting of the keyboard input focus. It is
recommended that both autoKeyFocus and
startupKeyFocus be True to work with tear off
menus. The default value is True.
autoRaiseDelay (class AutoRaiseDelay)
This resource is available only when the
focusAutoRaiseresource is True and the keyboard
focus policy is pointer. The autoRaiseDelay
resource specifies the amount of time (in
milliseconds) that mwm will wait before raising a
window after it gets the keyboard focus. The
default value of this resource is 500 (ms).
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bitmapDirectory (class BitmapDirectory)
This resource identifies a directory to be
searched for bitmaps referenced by mwm resources.
This directory is searched if a bitmap is
specified without an absolute pathname. The
default value for this resource is BR
/usr/include/X11/bitmaps. The directory
/usr/include/X11/bitmapsrepresents the customary
locations for this directory. The actual location
of this directory may vary on some systems. If the
bitmap is not found in the specified directory,
XBMLANGPATH is searched.
clientAutoPlace (class ClientAutoPlace)
This resource determines the position of a window
when the window has not been given a program- or
user-specified position. With a value of True,
windows are positioned with the top left corners
of the frames offset horizontally and vertically.
A value of False causes the currently configured
position of the window to be used. In either case,
mwm will attempt to place the windows totally onscreen.
The default value is True.
colormapFocusPolicy (class ColormapFocusPolicy)
This resource indicates the colormap focus policy
that is to be used. If the resource value is
explicit, a colormap selection action is done on a
client window to set the colormap focus to that
window. If the value is pointer, the client window
containing the pointer has the colormap focus. If
the value is keyboard, the client window that has
the keyboard input focus has the colormap focus.
The default value for this resource is keyboard.
configFile (class ConfigFile)
The resource value is the pathname for a mwm
resource description file. If the pathname begins
with "~/", mwmconsiders it to be relative to the
user's home directory (as specified by the HOME
environment variable). If the LANG environment
variable is set, mwm looks for $HOME/$LANG/
configFile. If that file does not exist or if LANG
is not set, mwm looks for $HOME/configFile. If the
configFile pathname does not begin with "~/" or
"/", mwm considers it to be relative to the
current working directory. If the configFile
resource is not specified or if that file does not
exist, mwm uses several default paths to find a
configuration file. The order of the search is
shown below: $HOME/.dt/$LANG/mwmrc $HOME/.dt/mwmrc
/etc/dt/config/$LANG/sys.mwmrc-
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/etc/dt/config/sys.mwmrc-
/usr/dt/config/$LANG/sys.mwmrc-
/usr/dt/config/sys.mwmrc- Paths marked with '-'
are implementation dependent.
deiconifyKeyFocus (class DeiconifyKeyFocus)
This resource applies only when the keyboard input
focus policy is explicit. If a value of True is
used, a window receives the keyboard input focus
when it is normalized (deiconified). True is the
default value.
doubleClickTime (class DoubleClickTime)
This resource is used to set the maximum time (in
ms) between the clicks (button presses) that make
up a double-click. The use of this resource is
deprecated. Use the Xt resource multiClickTime
instead. The value of doubleClickTime dynamically
defaults to the value of multiClickTime.
enableWarp (class EnableWarp)
The default value of this resource, True, causes
mwmto warp the pointer to the center of the
selected window during keyboard-controlled resize
and move operations. Setting the value to False
causes mwm to leave the pointer at its original
place on the screen, unless the user explicitly
moves it with the cursor keys or pointing device.
enforceKeyFocus (class EnforceKeyFocus)
If this resource is given a value of True, the
keyboard input focus is always explicitly set to
selected windows even if there is an indication
that they are "globally active" input windows. (An
example of a globally active window is a scroll
bar that can be operated without setting the focus
to that client.) If the resource is False, the
keyboard input focus is not explicitly set to
globally active windows. The default value is
True.
frameStyle (class frameStyle)
If this resource is given a value of "slab", the
the window manager frame is drawn such that the
client area appears to be at the same height as
the top of the window frame. If the resource is
set to "recessed", the window frame is drawn such
that the client area appears lower than the top of
the window frame. The default value is "recessed".
iconAutoPlace (class IconAutoPlace)
This resource indicates whether the window manager
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arranges icons in a particular area of the screen
or places each icon where the window was when it
was iconified. The value True indicates that icons
are arranged in a particular area of the screen,
determined by the iconPlacement resource. The
value False indicates that an icon is placed at
the location of the window when it is iconified.
The default is True.
iconClick (class IconClick)
When this resource is given the value of True, the
system menu is posted and left posted when an icon
is clicked. The default value is True.
interactivePlacement (class InteractivePlacement)
This resource controls the initial placement of
new windows on the screen. If the value is True,
the pointer shape changes before a new window is
placed on the screen to indicate to the user that
a position should be selected for the upper-left
hand corner of the window. If the value is False,
windows are placed according to the initial window
configuration attributes. The default value of
this resource is False.
keyboardFocusPolicy (class KeyboardFocusPolicy)
If set to pointer, the keyboard focus policy is to
have the keyboard focus set to the client window
that contains the pointer (the pointer could also
be in the client window decoration that mwm adds).
If set to explicit, the policy is to have the
keyboard focus set to a client window when the
user presses button 1 with the pointer on the
client window or any part of the associated mwm
decoration. The default value for this resource is
explicit.
lowerOnIconify (class LowerOnIconify)
If this resource is given the default value of
True, a window's icon appears on the bottom of the
window stack when the window is minimized
(iconified). A value of False places the icon in
the stacking order at the same place as its
associated window. The default value of this
resource is True.
moveThreshold (class MoveThreshold)
This resource is used to control the sensitivity
of dragging operations that move windows and
icons. The value of this resource is the number of
pixels that the locator is moved with a button
down before the move operation is initiated. This
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is used to prevent window/icon movement when you
click or double-click and there is unintentional
pointer movement with the button down. The
default value of this resource is 4 (pixels).
multiScreen (class MultiScreen)
This resource, if True, causes mwm to manage all
the screens on the display. If False, mwm manages
only a single screen. The default value is True.
passButtons (class PassButtons)
This resource indicates whether or not button
press events are passed to clients after they are
used to do a window manager function in the client
context. If the resource value is False, the
button press is not passed to the client. If the
value is True, the button press is passed to the
client window. The window manager function is done
in either case. The default value for this
resource is False.
passSelectButton (class PassSelectButton)
This resource indicates whether or not to pass the
select button press events to clients after they
are used to do a window manager function in the
client context. If the resource value is False,
then the button press will not be passed to the
client. If the value is True, the button press is
passed to the client window. The window manager
function is done in either case. The default
value for this resource is True.
positionIsFrame (class PositionIsFrame)
This resource indicates how client window position
information (from the WM_NORMAL_HINTS property and
from configuration requests) is to be interpreted.
If the resource value is True, the information is
interpreted as the position of the mwm client
window frame. If the value is False, it is
interpreted as being the position of the client
area of the window. The default value of this
resource is True.
positionOnScreen (class PositionOnScreen)
This resource is used to indicate that windows
should initially be placed (if possible) so that
they are not clipped by the edge of the screen (if
the resource value is True). If a window is larger
than the size of the screen, at least the upperleft
corner of the window is on-screen. If the
resource value is False, windows are placed in the
requested position even if totally off-screen. The
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default value of this resource is True.
quitTimeout (class QuitTimeout)
This resource specifies the amount of time (in
milliseconds) that mwm will wait for a client to
update the WM_COMMANDproperty after mwm has sent
the WM_SAVE_YOURSELF message. The default value of
this resource is 1000 (ms). (Refer to the f.kill
function description for additional information.)
raiseKeyFocus (class RaiseKeyFocus)
This resource is available only when the keyboard
input focus policy is explicit. When set to True,
this resource specifies that a window raised by
means of the f.normalize_and_raise function also
receives the input focus. The default value of
this resource is False.
refreshByClearing (class RefreshByClearing)
This resource determines the mechanism used to
refresh a window (or the screen) when the
f.refresh_win (f.refresh) function is executed.
When set to True, an XClearArea is performed over
the window for f.refresh_win. When set to False, a
covering window is created and destroyed over the
top of the window to be refreshed. If the function
is f.refresh and this resource is set to True,
then an XClearArea is performed over every window
on the screen. If the resource is set to False,
then one large window covering the entire screen
is created and destroyed. The default value of
this resource is True.
rootButtonClick (class RootButtonClick)
The rootButtonClick resource controls whether the
a click on the root window will post the root menu
in a "sticky" mode. If this resource is set to
True, a button click on the root window will post
the menu bound to the button down event for that
button in a "sticky" fashion. If this resource is
set to False, then the same button click would
only cause the menu to flash as it would be
unposted once the button up event is seen. The
criterion used to determine if it is a button
click is if the pointer doesn't move between the
button down and button up events. The default
value for this resource is True.
screens (class Screens)
This resource specifies the resource names to use
for the screens managed by mwm. If mwm is managing
a single screen, only the first name in the list
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is used. If mwmis managing multiple screens, the
names are assigned to the screens in order,
starting with screen 0. Screen 0 gets the first
name, screen 1 the second name, and so on. The
default screen names are 0, 1, and so on.
sessionClientDB (class SessionClientDB)
This resource identifies a file name to use as a
root when saving state at the request of an XSMP
session manager. When the session is saved, the
window manager will then reuse the file name by
automatically incrementing a suffix.
showFeedback (class ShowFeedback)
This resource controls whether or not feedback
windows or confirmation dialogs are displayed. A
feedback window shows a client window's initial
placement and shows position and size during move
and resize operations. Confirmation dialogs can
be displayed for certain operations. The value for
this resource is a list of names of the feedback
options to be enabled or disabled; the names must
be separated by a space. If an option is preceded
by a minus sign, that option is excluded from the
list. The sign of the first item in the list
determines the initial set of options. If the
sign of the first option is minus, mwm assumes all
options are present and starts subtracting from
that set. If the sign of the first decoration is
plus (or not specified), mwmstarts with no options
and builds up a list from the resource.
The names of the feedback options are shown below:
Name Description
all Show all feedback (Default value).
behavior Confirm behavior switch.
kill Confirm on receipt of KILL signal.
move Show position during move.
none Show no feedback.
placement Show position and size during initial
placement.
quit Confirm quitting mwm.
resize Show size during resize.
restart Confirm mwm restart.
The following command line illustrates the syntax for
showFeedback:
Mwm*showFeedback: placement resize behavior restart
This resource specification provides feedback for initial
client placement and resize, and enables the dialog boxes to
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confirm the restart and set behavior functions. It disables
feedback for the move function. The default value for this
resource is all.
startupKeyFocus (class StartupKeyFocus)
This resource is available only when the keyboard
input focus policy is explicit. When given the
default value of True, a window gets the keyboard
input focus when the window is mapped (that is,
initially managed by the window manager). It is
recommended that both autoKeyFocus and
startupKeyFocus be True to work with tear off
menus. The default value is True.
wMenuButtonClick (class WMenuButtonClick)
This resource indicates whether a click of the
mouse when the pointer is over the window menu
button posts and leaves posted the window menu. If
the value given this resource is True, the menu
remains posted. True is the default value for this
resource.
wMenuButtonClick2 (class WMenuButtonClick2)
When this resource is given the default value of
True, a double-click action on the window menu
button does an f.kill function.
Screen Specific Appearance and Behavior Resources
The syntax for specifying screen specific resources is Mwm*
screen_name*resource_id For example, Mwm*1*keyBindings
specifies the key bindings to use for screen "1".
Screen Specific Resources
Name Class Value Type Default
buttonBindings ButtonBindings string DefaultButtonBindings
cleanText CleanText T/F T
fadeNormalIcon FadeNormalIcon T/F F
feedbackGeometry FeedbackGeometry string center on screen
frameBorderWidth FrameBorderWidth pixels varies
iconBoxGeometry IconBoxGeometry string 6x1+0-0
iconBoxName IconBoxName string iconbox
iconBoxSBDisplayPolicy IconBoxSBDisplayPolicy string all
iconBoxTitle IconBoxTitle XmString Icons
iconDecoration IconDecoration string varies
iconImageMaximum IconImageMaximum wxh 48x48
iconImageMinimum IconImageMinimum wxh 16x16
iconPlacement IconPlacement string left bottom
iconPlacementMargin IconPlacementMargin pixels varies
keyBindings KeyBindings string DefaultKeyBindings
limitResize LimitResize T/F T
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maximumMaximumSize MaximumMaximumSize wxh (pixels) 2X screen w&h
moveOpaque MoveOpaque T/F F
resizeBorderWidth ResizeBorderWidth pixels varies
resizeCursors ResizeCursors T/F T
transientDecoration TransientDecoration string menu title
transientFunctions TransientFunctions string -minimize-maximize
useIconBox UseIconBox T/F F
buttonBindings (class ButtonBindings)
This resource identifies the set of button
bindings for window management functions. The
named set of button bindings is specified in the
mwm resource description file. These button
bindings are merged with the built-in default
bindings. The default value for this resource is
"DefaultButtonBindings".
cleanText (class CleanText)
This resource controls the display of window
manager text in the client title and feedback
windows. If the default value of True is used, the
text is drawn with a clear (no stipple)
background. This makes text easier to read on
monochrome systems where a backgroundPixmap is
specified. Only the stippling in the area
immediately around the text is cleared. If False,
the text is drawn directly on top of the existing
background.
fadeNormalIcon (class FadeNormalIcon)
If this resource is given a value of True, an icon
is grayed out whenever it has been normalized (its
window has been opened). The default value is
False.
feedbackGeometry (class FeedbackGeometry)
This resource sets the position of the move and
resize feedback window. If this resource is not
specified, the default is to place the feedback
window at the center of the screen. The value of
the resource is a standard window geometry string
with the following syntax: [=]{ +-}xoffset{+-}
yoffset]
frameBorderWidth (class FrameBorderWidth)
This resource specifies the width (in pixels) of a
client window frame border without resize handles.
The border width includes the 3-D shadows. The
default value is based on the size and resolution
of the screen.
iconBoxGeometry (class IconBoxGeometry)
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This resource indicates the initial position and
size of the icon box. The value of the resource
is a standard window geometry string with the
following syntax: [=][width xheight][{+-}xoffset
{+-}yoffset] If the offsets are not provided, the
iconPlacement policy is used to determine the
initial placement. The units for width and height
are columns and rows. The actual screen size of
the icon box window depends on the
iconImageMaximum (size) and iconDecoration
resources. The default value for size is (6 *
iconWidth + padding) wide by (1 * iconHeight +
padding) high. The default value of the location
is +0 -0.
iconBoxName (class IconBoxName)
This resource specifies the name that is used to
look up icon box resources. The default name is
iconbox.
iconBoxSBDisplayPolicy (class IconBoxSBDisplayPolicy)
This resource specifies the scroll bar display
policy of the window manager in the icon box. The
resource has three possible values: all, vertical,
and horizontal. The default value, "all", causes
both vertical and horizontal scroll bars always to
appear. The value "vertical" causes a single
vertical scroll bar to appear in the icon box and
sets the orientation of the icon box to horizontal
(regardless of the iconBoxGeometry specification).
The value "horizontal" causes a single horizontal
scroll bar to appear in the icon box and sets the
orientation of the icon box to vertical
(regardless of the iconBoxGeometry specification).
iconBoxTitle (class IconBoxTitle)
This resource specifies the name that is used in
the title area of the icon box frame. The default
value is Icons.
iconDecoration (class IconDecoration)
This resource specifies the general icon
decoration. The resource value is label (only the
label part is displayed) or image (only the image
part is displayed) or label image (both the label
and image parts are displayed). A value of
activelabel can also be specified to get a label
(not truncated to the width of the icon) when the
icon is selected. The default icon decoration for
icon box icons is that each icon has a label part
and an image part (label image). The default icon
decoration for stand alone icons is that each icon
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has an active label part, a label part, and an
image part (activelabel label image).
iconImageMaximum (class IconImageMaximum)
This resource specifies the maximum size of the
icon image. The resource value is widthx height
(for example, 64x64). The maximum supported size
is 128x128. The default value of this resource is
50x50.
iconImageMinimum (class IconImageMinimum)
This resource specifies the minimum size of the
icon image. The resource value is widthx height
(for example, 32x50). The minimum supported size
is 16x16. The default value of this resource is
16x16.
iconPlacement (class IconPlacement)
This resource specifies the icon placement scheme
to be used. The resource value has the following
syntax:
primary_layout secondary_layout [tight]
The layout values are one of the following:
Value Description
top Lay the icons out top to bottom.
bottom Lay the icons out bottom to top.
left Lay the icons out left to right.
right Lay the icons out right to left.
A horizontal (vertical) layout value should not be used for
both the primary_layout and the secondary_layout (for
example, don't use top for the primary_layout and bottom for
the secondary_layout).
The primary_layout indicates whether, when an icon placement
is done, the icon is placed in a row or a column and the
direction of placement. The secondary_layout indicates where
to place new rows or columns. For example, top right
indicates that icons should be placed top to bottom on the
screen and that columns should be added from right to left
on the screen.
The default placement is left bottom (icons are placed left
to right on the screen, with the first row on the bottom of
the screen, and new rows added from the bottom of the screen
to the top of the screen). A tight value places icons with
zero spacing in between icons. This value is useful for
aesthetic reasons, as well as X-terminals with small
screens.
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iconPlacementMargin (class IconPlacementMargin)
This resource sets the distance between the edge
of the screen and the icons that are placed along
the edge of the screen. The value should be
greater than or equal to 0. A default value (see
below) is used if the value specified is invalid.
The default value for this resource is equal to
the space between icons as they are placed on the
screen (this space is based on maximizing the
number of icons in each row and column).
keyBindings (class KeyBindings)
This resource identifies the set of key bindings
for window management functions. If specified,
these key bindings replace the built-in default
bindings. The named set of key bindings is
specified in mwm resource description file. The
default value for this resource is
"DefaultKeyBindings".
limitResize (class LimitResize)
If this resource is True, the user is not allowed
to resize a window to greater than the maximum
size. The default value for this resource is True.
maximumMaximumSize (class MaximumMaximumSize)
This resource is used to limit the maximum size of
a client window as set by the user or client. The
resource value is widthxheight (for example,
1024x1024) where the width and height are in
pixels. The default value of this resource is
twice the screen width and height.
moveOpaque (class MoveOpaque)
This resource controls whether the actual window
is moved or a rectangular outline of the window is
moved. A default value of False displays a
rectangular outline on moves.
resizeBorderWidth (class ResizeBorderWidth)
This resource specifies the width (in pixels) of a
client window frame border with resize handles.
The specified border width includes the 3-D
shadows. The default value is based on the size
and resolution of the screen.
resizeCursors (class ResizeCursors)
This is used to indicate whether the resize
cursors are always displayed when the pointer is
in the window size border. If True, the cursors
are shown, otherwise the window manager cursor is
shown. The default value is True.
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transientDecoration (class TransientDecoration)
This controls the amount of decoration that
mwmputs on transient windows. The decoration
specification is exactly the same as for the
clientDecoration (client specific) resource.
Transient windows are identified by the
WM_TRANSIENT_FORproperty, which is added by the
client to indicate a relatively temporary window.
The default value for this resource is menu title
(that is, transient windows have frame borders and
a titlebar with a window menu button).
An application can also specify which decorations
mwmshould apply to its windows. If it does so, mwm
applies only those decorations indicated by both
the application and the transientDecoration
resource. Otherwise, mwmapplies the decorations
indicated by the transientDecorationresource. For
more information see the description of
XmNmwmDecorations on the VendorShell(3) reference
page.
transientFunctions (class TransientFunctions)
This resource is used to indicate which window
management functions are applicable (or not
applicable) to transient windows. The function
specification is exactly the same as for the
clientFunctions (client specific) resource. The
default value for this resource is -minimize
-maximize.
An application can also specify which functions
mwmshould apply to its windows. If it does so, mwm
applies only those functions indicated by both the
application and the transientFunctions resource.
Otherwise, mwmapplies the functions indicated by
the transientFunctionsresource. For more
information see the description of XmNmwmFunctions
on the VendorShell(3) reference page.
useIconBox (class UseIconBox)
If this resource is given a value of True, icons
are placed in an icon box. When an icon box is not
used, the icons are placed on the root window
(default value).
Client Specific Resources
The syntax for specifying client specific resources is
Mwm*client_name_or_class *resource_id
For example, Mwm*mterm*windowMenu is used to specify the
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window menu to be used with mterm clients. The syntax for
specifying client specific resources for all classes of
clients is
Mwm*resource_id
Specific client specifications take precedence over the
specifications for all clients. For example, Mwm*windowMenu
is used to specify the window menu to be used for all
classes of clients that don't have a window menu specified.
The syntax for specifying resource values for windows that
have an unknown name and class (that is, windows that do not
have a WM_CLASSproperty associated with them) is
Mwm*defaults*resource_id
For example, Mwm*defaults*iconImage is used to specify the
icon image to be used for windows that have an unknown name
and class.
The following client specific resources can be specified:
Client Specific Resources
Name Class Value Type Default
clientDecoration ClientDecoration string all.
clientFunctions ClientFunctions string all.
focusAutoRaise FocusAutoRaise T/F varies
iconImage IconImage pathname (image)
iconImage- Background color icon background
Background
iconImageBottom- Foreground
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