strptime - Convert a character string to a time value
#include <time.h>
char *strptime(
const char *buf,
const char *format,
struct tm *tm );
Standard C Library (libc)
Interfaces documented on this reference page conform to
industry standards as follows:
strptime(): XSH4.2
Refer to the standards(5) reference page for more information
about industry standards and associated tags.
Contains the character string to be converted by the strptime()
function. Specifies the format of the string to be
converted by the strptime() function. Specifies the
structure to contain the output of the strptime() function.
The strptime() function converts the characters pointed to
by the buf parameter to values that are stored in the tm
structure, using the format specified by the format parameter.
The strptime() function modifies only the fields in
the tm structure that have corresponding conversion specifications
in the format.
The format parameter can contain zero or more of the following
items: A conversion specification that directs the
conversion of the next input field. Conversion specifications
start with a % (percent sign). Any white space
character (as determined by the isspace() function) that
matches 0 (zero) or more white space characters in the
input stream. Any character except % (percent sign) or a
white space character that must match the next character
in the input stream. If the character read from the input
stream is different from the character in the format
parameter, the function stops processing the input stream
and returns a null pointer.
Conversion specifications must be separated by white-space
or other non-alphanumeric characters.
The following conversion specifications are supported:
Inputs day of the week, using the locale-dependent weekday
name. The abbreviated or full name may be specified. Same
as %a. Inputs the month, using the locale-dependent month
name. The abbreviated or full name may be specified. Same
as %b. Inputs the date and time, using the locale-dependent
default format. Inputs the century as a decimal number
in the range from 00 to 99. Leading zeros are
permitted but not required. Inputs the day of the month
as a decimal number in the range from 01 to 31. Leading
zeros are permitted but not required. Inputs the date as
%m/%d/%y. Same as %d. [Tru64 UNIX] Inputs the year,
using the locale-dependent Emperor/Era name and year format.
Same as %b. Inputs the hour based on a 24-hour
clock as a decimal number in the range from 00 to 23.
Leading zeros are permitted but not required. Inputs the
hour based on a 12-hour clock as a decimal number in the
range from 00 to 12. Leading zeros are permitted but not
required. Inputs the day number of the year as a decimal
number in the range from 001 to 366. Leading zeros are
permitted but not required. Inputs the month number as a
decimal number in the range from 01 to 12. Leading zeros
are permitted but not required. Inputs the minute as a
decimal number in the range from 00 to 59. Leading zeros
are permitted but not required. Inputs any white space up
to and including a newline character. [Tru64
UNIX] Inputs the Emperor/Era name. [Tru64 UNIX] Inputs
the Emperor/Era year. Inputs the locale-dependent equivalent
of AM or PM. Inputs the 12-hour clock time with an
AM/PM notation as defined by the t_fmt_ampm statement (see
locale(4) for details), or, by default, inputs the time as
%I:%M:%S %p. Inputs the time as %H:%M. Inputs the second
as a decimal number in the range from 00 to 61. Leading
zeros are permitted but not required. Inputs any whitespace
up to and including a tab character. Inputs the
time as %H:%M:%S. Inputs the week number of the year as a
decimal number in the range from 00 to 53. Sunday is the
first day of the week. Leading zeros are permitted but not
required. Inputs the weekday as a decimal number in the
range from 0 to 6. Sunday is the first day of the week.
Leading zeros are permitted but not required. Inputs the
week number of the year as a decimal number in the range
from 00 to 53. Monday is the first day of the week. Leading
zeros are permitted but not required. Inputs the
date, using the locale-dependent short date format.
Inputs the time, using the locale-dependent short time
format. Inputs the year (excluding the century). When a
century is not otherwise specified (for example, with %C),
values in the range 69-99 refer to years in the twentieth
century (1969-1999, inclusive); values in the range 00-68
refer to years in the twenty-first century (2000 to 2068,
inclusive). Leading zeros are permitted but not required.
Inputs the year (including the century), for example,
1991. [Tru64 UNIX] Inputs the time-zone name. Inputs a
% (percent sign) character.
Case is ignored for the following conversion specifications
when matching items such as month or weekday names
in buf: %a, %A, %b, %B, %E, %h, %N, %p, and %r.
Alternative-format Directives [Toc] [Back]
The E and O characters can be used with some of the directives
to stipulate that an alternative format be used, if
available. If the alternative format is not available in
the current locale, the modifier will be ignored and the
unmodified behavior for that directive will be followed.
Inputs the date and time, using the locale-dependent
alternative format. Inputs the base year (period), using
the locale-dependent alternative format. Inputs the date,
using the locale-dependent alternative format. Inputs the
time, using the locale-dependent alternative format.
Inputs the year within the century, using the localedependent
alternative format. Inputs the year (including
the century), using the locale-dependent alternative format.
Inputs the day of the month, using the locale-dependent
alternative format. Leading zeros are permitted but
not required. Same as %Od. Inputs the hour (24-hour
clock), using the locale-dependent alternative format.
Inputs the hour (12-hour clock), using the locale-dependent
alternative format. Inputs the month number, using
the locale-dependent alternative format. Inputs the
minute, using the locale-dependent alternative format.
Inputs the second, using the locale-dependent alternative
format. Inputs the week number (Sunday as first day of
week), using the locale-dependent alternative format.
Inputs the number of the weekday (Sunday=0), using the
locale-dependent alternative format. Inputs the week number
(Monday as first day of week), using the locale-dependent
alternative format. Inputs the year (offset from %C)
in the locale-dependent alternative representation and
using the locale-dependent alternative numeric symbols.
A directive consisting of white-space characters is executed
by reading input until reaching the first nonwhitespace
character, which is not read, or until no more characters
can be read.
A directive consisting of an ordinary character is executed
by reading the next character from the buf parameter.
If the character read from the buf parameter differs
from the character comprising the directive, the directive
fails and the differing character and any characters following
it remain unread. Case is ignored when matching buf
items, such as month or weekday names.
If a conversion fails, the contents of the tm structure
are undefined.
In most cases, it is possible to use the same format in
the strftime() and strptime() calls because most of the
conversion specifications formats are identical in both
functions.
Applications should use %Y (4-digit years) in preference
to %y (2-digit years).
On successful completion, the strptime() function returns
a pointer to the character following the last character
parsed. Otherwise, a null pointer is returned.
The strptime() function sets errno to the specified values
for the following conditions:
The functionality is not supported on this implementation.
Functions: scanf(3), strfmon(3), strftime(3), time(3)
Standards: standards(5)
strptime(3)
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