sin, sind, cos, cosd, tan, tand, cot, cotd, asin, asind,
acos, acosd, atan, atand, atan2, atand2 - Trigonometric
and inverse trigonometric functions in radian and degree
calculations.
#include <math.h>
double sin(
double x ); float sinf(
float x ); long double sinl(
long double x ); double sind(
double x ); float sindf(
float x ); long double sindl(
long double x,
float x ); double cos(
double x ); float cosf(
float x ); long double cosl(
long double x ); double cosd(
double x ); float cosdf(
float x ); long double cosdl(
long double x ); double tan(
double x ); float tanf(
float x ); long double tanl(
long double x ); double tand(
double x ); float tandf(
float x ); long double tandl(
long double x ); double cot(
double x ); float cotf(
float x ); long double cotl(
long double x ); double cotd(
double x ); float cotdf(
float x ); long double cotdl(
long double x ); double asin(
double x ); float asinf(
float x ); long double asinl(
long double x ); double asind(
double x ); float asindf(
float x ); long double asindl(
long double x ); double acos(
double x ); float acosf(
float x ); long double acosl(
long double x ); double acosd(
double x ); float acosdf(
float x ); long double acosdl(
long double x ); double atan(
double x ); float atanf(
float x ); long double atanl(
long double x ); double atand(
double x ); float atandf(
float x ); long double atandl(
long double x ); double atan2(
double y,
double x ); float atan2f(
float y,
float x ); long double atan2l(
long double y,
long double x ); double atand2(
double y,
double x ); float atand2f(
float y,
float x ); long double atand2l(
long double y,
long double x );
Math Library (libm)
Interfaces documented on this reference page conform to
industry standards as follows:
acos(): XPG4
asin(): XPG4
atan(): XPG4
atan2(): XPG4
cos(): XPG4
sin(): XPG4
tan(): XPG4
Refer to the standards(5) reference page for more information
about industry standards and associated tags.
The sin(), sinf(), and sinl() functions compute the sine
of x, measured in radians.
The sind(), sindf(), and sindl() functions compute the
sine of x, measured in degrees.
The cos(), cosf(), and cosl() functions compute the cosine
of x, measured in radians.
The cosd(), cosdf(), and cosdl() functions compute the
cosine of x, measured in degrees.
The tan(), tanf(), and tanl() functions compute the tangent
of x, measured in radians.
The tand(), tandf(), and tandl() functions compute the
tangent of x, measured in degrees.
The cot(), cotf(), and cotl() functions compute the cotangent
of x, measured in radians.
The cotd(), cotdf(), and cotdl() functions compute the
cotangent of x, measured in degrees.
The asin(), asinf(), and asinl() functions compute the
principal value of the arc sine of x in the interval
[-pi/2,pi/2] radians. The value of x must be in the domain
[-1,1].
The asind(), asindf(), and asindl() functions compute the
principal value of the arc sine of x in the interval
[-90,90] degrees. The value of x must be in the domain
[-1,1].
The acos(), acosf(), and acosl() functions compute the
principal value of the arc cosine of x in the interval
[0,pi] radians. The value of x must be in the domain
[-1,1].
The acosd(), acosdf(), and acosdl() functions compute the
principal value of the arc cosine of x in the interval
[0,180] degrees. The value of x must be in the domain
[-1,1].
The atan(), atanf(), and atanl() functions compute the
principal value of the arc tangent of x in the interval
[-pi/2,pi/2] radians.
The atand(), atandf(), and atandl() functions compute the
principal value of the arc tangent of x in the interval
[-90,90] degrees.
The atan2(), atan2f(), and atan2l() functions compute the
principal value of the arc tangent of y/x, in the interval
[-pi,pi] radians. The sign of atan2 and atan2f is determined
by the sign of y. The value of atan2(y,x) is computed
as follows where f is the number of fraction bits
associated with the data type.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Value of Input Arguments Angle Returned
-----------------------------------------------------------------
x = 0 or y/x > 2**(f+1) pi/2 * (sign y)
x > 0 and y/x <= 2**(f+1) atan(y/x)
x < 0 and y/x <= 2**(f+1) pi * (sign y) + atan(y/x)
-----------------------------------------------------------------
The atand2(), atand2f(), and atand2l() functions compute
the principal value of the arc tangent of y/x in the
interval [-180,180] degrees. The sign of atand2() and
atand2f() is determined by the sign of y.
The following table describes function behavior in
response to exceptional arguments:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function Exceptional Argument Routine Behavior
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
sin(), sinf(), sinl() |x| = infinity Invalid argument
sind(), sindf(), sindl() |x| = infinity Invalid argument
sind(), sindf(), sindl() |x| < (180/pi) * min_float Underflow
cos(), cosf(), cosl() |x| = infinity Invalid argument
cosd(), cosdf(), cosdl() |x| = infinity Invalid argument
tan(), tanf(), tanl() |x| = infinity Invalid argument
tand(), tandf(), tandl() |x| = infinity Invalid argument
tand(), tandf(), tandl() |x| < (180/pi) * min_float Underflow
tand(), tandf(), tandl() x = (2n+1) * 90 Overflow
cot(), cotf(), cotl() x = 0 Overflow
cotd(), cotdf(), cotdl() |x| = multiples of 180 Overflow
degrees
asin(), asinf(), asinl() |x| > 1 Invalid argument
asind(), asindf(), |x| > 1 Invalid argument
asindl()
acos(), acosf(), acosl() |x| > 1 Invalid argument
acosd(), acosdf(), |x| > 1 Invalid argument
acosdl()
atan2(), atan2f(), x = y = 0 Invalid argument
atan2l()
atan2(), atan2f(), |x| = |y| = infinity Invalid argument
atan2l()
atand2(), atand2f(), x = y = 0 Invalid argument
atand2l()
atand2(), atand2f(), |x| = |y| = infinity Invalid argument
atand2l()
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following table lists boundary values used by these
functions:
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Value Name Data Type Hexadecimal Value Decimal Value
--------------------------------------------------------------------
(180/pi) S_FLOAT 00000039 8.028849e-44
*
min_float
T_FLOAT 0000000000000039 2.830787630910868e-322
--------------------------------------------------------------------
sin(3)
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