exports - define remote mount points for NFS mount requests
exports
The exports file specifies remote mount points for the NFS
mount protocol
per the NFS server specification; see Network File System
Protocol
Specification RFC 1094, Appendix A and NFS: Network File
System Version 3
Specification, Appendix I.
Each line in the file (other than comment lines that begin
with a ``#'')
specifies the mount point(s) and export flags within one local server
filesystem for one or more hosts. A host may be specified
only once for
each local filesystem on the server and there may be only
one default entry
for each server filesystem that applies to all other
hosts. The latter
exports the filesystem to the ``world'' and should be
used only when
the filesystem contains public information.
In a mount entry, the first field(s) specify the directory
path(s) within
a server filesystem that can be mounted on by the corresponding
client(s). There are two forms of this specification. The
first is to
list all mount points as absolute directory paths separated
by whitespace.
The second is to specify the pathname of the root of
the filesystem
followed by the -alldirs flag; this form allows the
host(s) to mount
at any point within the filesystem, including regular files.
The pathnames
must not have any symbolic links in them and should
not have any
``.'' or ``..'' components. Mount points for a filesystem
may appear on
multiple lines each with different sets of hosts and export
options.
The second component of a line specifies how the filesystem
is to be exported
to the host set. The option flags specify whether
the filesystem
is exported read-only or read-write and how the client UID
is mapped to
user credentials on the server.
Export options are specified as follows:
-maproot=user The credential of the specified user is used
for remote access
by root. The credential includes all the groups to
which the user
is a member on the local machine (see id(1)). The user may
be specified
by name or number.
-maproot=user:group1:group2:... The colon separated list is
used to
specify the precise credential to be used for remote access
by root. The
elements of the list may be either names or numbers. Note
that user:
should be used to distinguish a credential containing no
groups from a
complete credential for that user.
-mapall=user or -mapall=user:group1:group2:... Specifies a
mapping for
all client UIDs (including root) using the same semantics as
-maproot.
The option -r is a synonym for -maproot in an effort to be
backward compatible
with older export file formats.
In the absence of -maproot and -mapall options, remote accesses by root
will result in using a credential of -2:-2. All other users
will be
mapped to their remote credential. If a -maproot option is
given, remote
access by root will be mapped to that credential instead of
-2:-2. If a
-mapall option is given, all users (including root) will be
mapped to
that credential in place of their own.
The -ro option specifies that the filesystem should be exported read-only
(default read/write). The option -o is a synonym for -ro in
an effort to
be backward compatible with older export file formats.
The third component of a line specifies the host set to
which the line
applies. The set may be specified in three ways. The first
way is to
list the host name(s) separated by whitespace. (Standard
internet
``dot'' addresses may be used in place of names.) The second way is to
specify a ``netgroup'' as defined in the netgroup file (see
netgroup(5)).
The third way is to specify an internet subnetwork using a
network and
network mask that is defined as the set of all hosts with
addresses within
the subnetwork. This latter approach requires less overhead within
the kernel and is recommended for cases where the export
line refers to a
large number of clients within an administrative subnet.
The first two cases are specified by simply listing the
name(s) separated
by whitespace. All names are checked to see if they are
``netgroup''
names first and are assumed to be hostnames otherwise. Using the full
domain specification for a hostname can normally circumvent
the problem
of a host that has the same name as a netgroup. The third
case is specified
by the flag -network=netname and optionally
-mask=netmask. If the
mask is not specified, it will default to the mask for that
network class
(A, B or C; see inet(3)).
For example:
/usr /usr/local -maproot=0:10 friends
/usr -maproot=daemon grumpy.cis.uoguelph.ca
131.104.48.16
/usr -ro -mapall=nobody
/u -maproot=bin: -network 131.104.48 -mask
255.255.255.0
/u2 -maproot=root friends
/u2 -alldirs -network cis-net -mask cis-mask
Given that /usr, /u and /u2 are local filesystem mount
points, the above
example specifies the following: /usr is exported to hosts
friends where
friends is specified in the netgroup file with users mapped
to their remote
credentials and root mapped to UID 0 and GID 10. It is
exported
read-write and the hosts in ``friends'' can mount either
/usr or
/usr/local. It is exported to 131.104.48.16 and
grumpy.cis.uoguelph.ca
with users mapped to their remote credentials and root
mapped to the user
and groups associated with ``daemon''; it is exported to the
rest of the
world as read-only with all users mapped to the user and
groups associated
with ``nobody''.
/u is exported to all hosts on the subnetwork 131.104.48
with root mapped
to the UID for ``bin'' and with no group access.
/u2 is exported to the hosts in ``friends'' with root mapped
to UID and
groups associated with ``root''; it is exported to all hosts
on network
``cis-net'' allowing mounts at any directory within /u2.
/etc/exports default remote mount-point file
netgroup(5), mountd(8), nfsd(8), showmount(8)
The export options are tied to the local mount points in the
kernel and
must be non-contradictory for any exported subdirectory of
the local
server mount point. It is recommended that all exported directories
within the same server filesystem be specified on adjacent
lines going
down the tree. You cannot specify a hostname that is also
the name of a
netgroup. Specifying the full domain specification for a
hostname can
normally circumvent the problem.
Regarding -alldirs, because NFS mount filehandles are
filesystem wide the
-alldirs option applies to exports of the entire filesystem
-- even
mountpoints that are higher up elsewhere in the directory
hierarchy.
Hence if the server has a filesystem /export and you wished
to export the
sub-directory
/export/root/client -alldirs client.foo.com
you must realize that this also allows mounts to be requested against
other locations in the /export filesystem; thus the host
client.foo.com
is also permitted to mount the directory
/export/root/client2 if it exists.
OpenBSD 3.6 March 29, 1995
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