od - octal, decimal, hex, ascii dump
od [-aBbcDdeFfHhIiLlOovXx] [-j skip] [-N length] [-t
type_string]
[[+]offset[.][Bb]] file ...
od has been deprecated in favor of hexdump(1).
hexdump(1), if called as od, provides compatibility for the
options described
below. It does not provide compatibility for the -s
option (see
strings(1)) or the -P, -p, or -w options, nor is compatibility provided
for the ``label'' component of the offset syntax.
The options are as follows:
-a One-byte character display. Display the input
offset in octal,
followed by sixteen space-separated, three
column,
space-filled, characters of input data per line.
Control
characters are printed as their names instead of
as C-style
escapes.
-B Same as -o.
-b One-byte octal display. Display the input offset in octal,
followed by sixteen space-separated, three column, zerofilled,
bytes of input data, in octal, per line.
This is the
default output style if no other is selected.
-c One-byte character display. Display the input
offset in octal,
followed by sixteen space-separated, three
column,
space-filled, characters of input data per line.
Control
characters are printed as c style escapes, or as
three octal
digits, if no c escape exists for the character.
-d Two-byte decimal display. Display the input
offset in octal,
followed by eight space-separated, five column,
zero-filled,
two-byte units of input data, in unsigned decimal, per line.
-e Eight-byte floating point display. Display the
input offset
in octal, followed by two space-separated, twenty-one column,
space filled, eight byte units of input data, in
floating
point, per line.
-F Same as -e.
-f Four-byte floating point display. Display the
input offset
in octal, followed by four space-separated, 14
column, space
filled, four byte units of input data, in floating point, per
line.
-H Four-byte hex display. Display the input offset
in octal,
followed by four space-separated, eight column,
zero filled,
four byte units of input data, in hex, per line.
-h Two-byte hex display. Display the input offset
in octal,
followed by eight space-separated, four column,
zero filled,
two byte units of input data, in hex, per line.
-I Four-byte decimal display. Display the input
offset in octal,
followed by four space-separated, eleven
column, space
filled, four byte units of input data, in decimal, per line.
-i Two-byte decimal display. Display the input
offset in octal,
followed by eight space-separated, six column,
space filled,
two-byte units of input data, in decimal, per
line.
-j offset Skip offset bytes from the beginning of the input. By default,
offset is interpreted as a decimal number. With a
leading 0x or 0X, offset is interpreted as a
hexadecimal number,
otherwise, with a leading 0, offset is interpreted as an
octal number. Appending the character b, k, or
m to offset
causes it to be interpreted as a multiple of
512, 1024, or
1048576, respectively.
-L Same as -I.
-l Same as -I.
-N length Interpret only length bytes of input.
-O Four-byte octal display. Display the input offset in octal,
followed by four space-separated, eleven column,
zero-filled,
four-byte units of input data, in octal, per
line.
-o Two-byte octal display. Display the input offset in octal,
followed by eight space-separated, six column,
zero-filled,
two-byte units of input data, in octal, per
line.
-t type_string
Specify one or more output types. The
type_string option-argument
must be a string specifying the types to
be used when
writing the input data. The string must consist
of the type
specification characters:
a selects US-ASCII output, with control characters replaced
with their names instead of as c escape sequences. See also
the _u conversion provided by hexdump(1).
c selects a standard character based conversion.
See also
the _c conversion provided by hexdump(1).
f selects the floating point output format.
This type character
can be optionally followed by the characters 4 or F to
specify four byte floating point output, or 8 or
L to specify
eight byte floating point output. The default
output format
is eight byte floats. See also the e conversion
provided by
hexdump(1).
d, o, u, or x select decimal, octal, unsigned
decimal, or hex
output respectively. These types can optionally
be followed
by C to specify char-sized output, S to specify
short-sized
output, I to specify int-sized output, L to
specify long-
sized output, 1 to specify one-byte output, 2 to
specify twobyte
output, 4 to specify four-byte output, or 8
to specify
eight-byte output. The default output format is
in four-byte
quantities. See also the d, o, u, and x conversions provided
by hexdump(1).
-v The -v option causes od to display all input data. Without
the -v option, any number of groups of output
lines, which
would be identical to the immediately preceding
group of output
lines (except for the input offsets), are
replaced with a
line comprised of a single asterisk.
-X Same as -H.
-x Same as -h.
For each input file, od sequentially copies the input to
standard output,
transforming the data according to the options given. If no
options are
specified, the default display is equivalent to specifying
the -o option.
od exits 0 on success and >0 if an error occurred.
hexdump(1), strings(1)
A od command appears in Version 1 AT&T UNIX.
This man page was written in February 2001 by Andrew Brown,
shortly after
he augmented the deprecated od syntax to include things he
felt had been
missing for a long time.
OpenBSD 3.6 February 9, 2001
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