SYSTEM(3F) SYSTEM(3F)
system - issue a shell command from Fortran
character*N c
call system(c)
system causes its character argument to be given to sh(1) as input, as if
the string had been typed at a terminal. The current process waits until
the shell has completed.
exec(2), system(3S).
sh(1) in the User's Reference Manual.
system(3S) system(3S)
system - issue a shell command
#include <stdlib.h>
int system (const char *string);
system causes the string to be given to the shell [see sh(1)] as input,
as if the string had been typed as a command at a terminal. The current
process waits until the shell has completed, then returns the exit status
of the shell in the format specified by waitpid(2).
If string is a NULL pointer, system checks if /sbin/sh exists and is
executable. If /sbin/sh is available, system returns non-zero; otherwise
it returns zero.
system fails if one or more of the following are true:
EAGAIN The system-imposed limit on the total number of processes
under execution by a single user would be exceeded.
EINTR system was interrupted by a signal.
ENOMEM The new process requires more memory than is allowed by the
system-imposed maximum MAXMEM.
exec(2), waitpid(2), sh(1).
system forks to create a child process that in turn execs /sbin/sh in
order to execute string. If the fork or exec fails, system returns -1
and sets errno.
Calling system(3S) in a program that is set user ID to root is difficult
to do without creating unintended security problems. For example, since
system invokes a copy of sh(1) to execute the supplied command, the
programmer must be extremely careful not to allow critical environment
variables, such as PATH, which determine the behavior of the shell to be
passed through from the environment of the invoking user without
modification. It is recommended that system(3S) not be used by set user
ID programs.
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