pack(3Tk) pack(3Tk)
pack - Geometry manager that packs around edges of cavity
pack option arg ?arg ...?
The pack command is used to communicate with the packer, a geometry
manager that arranges the children of a parent by packing them in order
around the edges of the parent. The pack command can have any of several
forms, depending on the option argument:
pack slave ?slave ...? ?options?
If the first argument to pack is a window name (any value starting
with ``.''), then the command is processed in the same way as pack
configure.
pack configure slave ?slave ...? ?options?
The arguments consist of the names of one or more slave windows
followed by pairs of arguments that specify how to manage the
slaves. See ``THE PACKER ALGORITHM'' below for details on how the
options are used by the packer. The following options are
supported:
-after other
Other must the name of another window. Use its master as the
master for the slaves, and insert the slaves just after other
in the packing order.
-anchor anchor
Anchor must be a valid anchor position such as n or sw; it
specifies where to position each slave in its parcel. Defaults
to center.
-before other
Other must the name of another window. Use its master as the
master for the slaves, and insert the slaves just before other
in the packing order.
-expand boolean
Specifies whether the slaves should be expanded to consume
extra space in their master. Boolean may have any proper
boolean value, such as 1 or no. Defaults to 0.
-fill style
If a slave's parcel is larger than its requested dimensions,
this option may be used to stretch the slave. Style must have
one of the following values:
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pack(3Tk) pack(3Tk)
none Give the slave its requested dimensions plus any internal
padding requested with -ipadx or -ipady. This is the
default.
x Stretch the slave horizontally to fill the entire width of
its parcel (except leave external padding as specified by
-padx).
y Stretch the slave vertically to fill the entire height of
its parcel (except leave external padding as specified by
-pady).
both Stretch the slave both horizontally and vertically.
-in other
Insert the slave(s) at the end of the packing order for the
master window given by other.
-ipadx amount
Amount specifies how much horizontal internal padding to leave
on each side of the slave(s). Amount must be a valid screen
distance, such as 2 or .5c. It defaults to 0.
-ipady amount
Amount specifies how much vertical internal padding to leave on
each side of the slave(s). Amount defaults to 0.
-padx amount
Amount specifies how much horizontal external padding to leave
on each side of the slave(s). Amount defaults to 0.
-pady amount
Amount specifies how much vertical external padding to leave on
each side of the slave(s). Amount defaults to 0.
-side side
Specifies which side of the master the slave(s) will be packed
against. Must be left, right, top, or bottom. Defaults to
top.
If no -in, -after or -before option is specified then each of the
slaves will be inserted at the end of the packing list for its
parent unless it is already managed by the packer (in which case it
will be left where it is). If one of these options is specified
then all the slaves will be inserted at the specified point. If any
of the slaves are already managed by the geometry manager then any
unspecified options for them retain their previous values rather
than receiving default values.
pack forget slave ?slave ...?
Removes each of the slaves from the packing order for its master and
unmaps their windows. The slaves will no longer be managed by the
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pack(3Tk) pack(3Tk)
packer.
pack info slave
Returns a list whose elements are the current configuration state of|
the slave given by slave in the same option-value form that might be|
specified to pack configure. The first two elements of the list are|
``-in master'' where master is the slave's master.
pack propagate master ?boolean?
If boolean has a true boolean value such as 1 or on then propagation
is enabled for master, which must be a window name (see ``GEOMETRY
PROPAGATION'' below). If boolean has a false boolean value then
propagation is disabled for master. In either of these cases an
empty string is returned. If boolean is omitted then the command
returns 0 or 1 to indicate whether propagation is currently enabled
for master. Propagation is enabled by default.
pack slaves master
Returns a list of all of the slaves in the packing order for master.
The order of the slaves in the list is the same as their order in
the packing order. If master has no slaves then an empty string is
returned.
For each master the packer maintains an ordered list of slaves called the
packing list. The -in, -after, and -before configuration options are
used to specify the master for each slave and the slave's position in the
packing list. If none of these options is given for a slave then the
slave is added to the end of the packing list for its parent.
The packer arranges the slaves for a master by scanning the packing list
in order. At the time it processes each slave, a rectangular area within
the master is still unallocated. This area is called the cavity; for
the first slave it is the entire area of the master.
For each slave the packer carries out the following steps:
[1] The packer allocates a rectangular parcel for the slave along the
side of the cavity given by the slave's -side option. If the side
is top or bottom then the width of the parcel is the width of the
cavity and its height is the requested height of the slave plus the
-ipady and -pady options. For the left or right side the height of
the parcel is the height of the cavity and the width is the
requested width of the slave plus the -ipadx and -padx options. The
parcel may be enlarged further because of the -expand option (see
``EXPANSION'' below)
[2] The packer chooses the dimensions of the slave. The width will
normally be the slave's requested width plus twice its -ipadx option
and the height will normally be the slave's requested height plus
twice its -ipady option. However, if the -fill option is x or both
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pack(3Tk) pack(3Tk)
then the width of the slave is expanded to fill the width of the
parcel, minus twice the -padx option. If the -fill option is y or
both then the height of the slave is expanded to fill the width of
the parcel, minus twice the -pady option.
[3] The packer positions the slave over its parcel. If the slave is
smaller than the parcel then the -anchor option determines where in
the parcel the slave will be placed. If -padx or -pady is non-zero,
then the given amount of external padding will always be left
between the slave and the edges of the parcel.
Once a given slave has been packed, the area of its parcel is subtracted
from the cavity, leaving a smaller rectangular cavity for the next slave.
If a slave doesn't use all of its parcel, the unused space in the parcel
will not be used by subsequent slaves. If the cavity should become too
small to meet the needs of a slave then the slave will be given whatever
space is left in the cavity. If the cavity shrinks to zero size, then
all remaining slaves on the packing list will be unmapped from the screen
until the master window becomes large enough to hold them again.
If a master window is so large that there will be extra space left over
after all of its slaves have been packed, then the extra space is
distributed uniformly among all of the slaves for which the -expand
option is set. Extra horizontal space is distributed among the
expandable slaves whose -side is left or right, and extra vertical space
is distributed among the expandable slaves whose -side is top or bottom.
The packer normally computes how large a master must be to just exactly
meet the needs of its slaves, and it sets the requested width and height
of the master to these dimensions. This causes geometry information to
propagate up through a window hierarchy to a top-level window so that the
entire sub-tree sizes itself to fit the needs of the leaf windows.
However, the pack propagate command may be used to turn off propagation
for one or more masters. If propagation is disabled then the packer will
not set the requested width and height of the packer. This may be useful
if, for example, you wish for a master window to have a fixed size that
you specify.
RESTRICTIONS ON MASTER WINDOWS
The master for each slave must either be the slave's parent (the default)
or a descendant of the slave's parent. This restriction is necessary to
guarantee that the slave can be placed over any part of its master that
is visible without danger of the slave being clipped by its parent.
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pack(3Tk) pack(3Tk)
PACKING ORDER
If the master for a slave is not its parent then you must make sure that
the slave is higher in the stacking order than the master. Otherwise the
master will obscure the slave and it will appear as if the slave hasn't
been packed correctly. The easiest way to make sure the slave is higher
than the master is to create the master window first: the most recently
created window will be highest in the stacking order. Or, you can use
the raise and lower commands to change the stacking order of either the
master or the slave.
geometry manager, location, packer, parcel, propagation, size
Page 5
PACK(3I) Last changed: 1-6-98
PACK - Packs an array into an array of rank one under control of a
mask
PACK ([ARRAY=]array, [MASK=]mask [,[VECTOR=]vector])
UNICOS, UNICOS/mk, and IRIX systems
Fortran 90
The PACK intrinsic function packs an array into an array of rank one
under control of a mask. It can be used for array construction. It
accepts the following arguments:
array Can be of any type. It must not be scalar.
mask Must be of type logical and must be conformable with array.
vector Must be of the same type as array and must have rank one.
vector must have at least as many elements as there are true
elements in mask. If mask is scalar with the value true,
vector must have at least as many elements as there are in
array.
PACK is a transformational function. The name of this intrinsic
cannot be passed as an argument.
The result is an array of rank one of the same type as array. If
vector is present, the result size is that of vector; otherwise, the
result size is the number t of true elements in mask unless mask is
scalar with the value true in which case the result size is the size
of array.
Element i of the result is the element of array that corresponds to
the ith true element of mask, taking elements in array element order,
for i=1, 2, ..., t. If vector is present and has size n>t, element i
of the result has the value vector(i), for i=t+1, ..., n.
Example 1: If N = (/ 1, -1, 3 /), the following are true:
PACK( N, MASK=N.LT.0) is [-1].
PACK( N, MASK=.TRUE.) is [1, -1, 3].
Example 2: Array M is as follows:
| 0 0 0 |
| 9 0 0 |
| 0 0 7 |
The nonzero elements of array M can be gathered by the PACK function.
The following are the results:
PACK(M, MASK=M.NE.0) is [9, 7].
PACK(M, MASK=M.NE.0, VECTOR=(/2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12/)) is [9, 7, 6,
8, 10 12].
Intrinsic Procedures Reference Manual, publication SR-2138, for the
printed version of this man page.
PACK(3I) Last changed: 1-6-98
PACK - Packs an array into an array of rank one under control of a
mask
PACK ([ARRAY=]array, [MASK=]mask [,[VECTOR=]vector])
UNICOS, UNICOS/mk, and IRIX systems
Fortran 90
The PACK intrinsic function packs an array into an array of rank one
under control of a mask. It can be used for array construction. It
accepts the following arguments:
array Can be of any type. It must not be scalar.
mask Must be of type logical and must be conformable with array.
vector Must be of the same type as array and must have rank one.
vector must have at least as many elements as there are true
elements in mask. If mask is scalar with the value true,
vector must have at least as many elements as there are in
array.
PACK is a transformational function. The name of this intrinsic
cannot be passed as an argument.
The result is an array of rank one of the same type as array. If
vector is present, the result size is that of vector; otherwise, the
result size is the number t of true elements in mask unless mask is
scalar with the value true in which case the result size is the size
of array.
Element i of the result is the element of array that corresponds to
the ith true element of mask, taking elements in array element order,
for i=1, 2, ..., t. If vector is present and has size n>t, element i
of the result has the value vector(i), for i=t+1, ..., n.
Example 1: If N = (/ 1, -1, 3 /), the following are true:
PACK( N, MASK=N.LT.0) is [-1].
PACK( N, MASK=.TRUE.) is [1, -1, 3].
Example 2: Array M is as follows:
| 0 0 0 |
| 9 0 0 |
| 0 0 7 |
The nonzero elements of array M can be gathered by the PACK function.
The following are the results:
PACK(M, MASK=M.NE.0) is [9, 7].
PACK(M, MASK=M.NE.0, VECTOR=(/2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12/)) is [9, 7, 6,
8, 10 12].
Intrinsic Procedures Reference Manual, publication SR-2138, for the
printed version of this man page.
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