paste(1) paste(1)
paste - merge same lines of several files or subsequent lines of one file
paste -|file1 -|file2 . . .
paste -dlist <b>-|file1 -|file2 . . .
paste -s [-dlist] -|file1 . . .
In the first two forms, paste concatenates corresponding lines of the
given input files file1, file2, and so on. It treats each file as a
column or columns of a table and pastes them together horizontally
(parallel merging). If you will, it is the counterpart of cat(1) which
concatenates vertically, that is, one file after the other. In the last
form above, paste replaces the function of an older command with the same
name by combining subsequent lines of the input file (serial merging).
If more than one file is specified with the -s option, paste(1)
concatenates the merged files one below the other. In all cases, lines
are glued together with the tab character, or with characters from an
optionally specified list. Output is to the standard output, so it can
be used as the start of a pipe, or as a filter, if - is used in place of
a file name. paste processes supplementary code set characters in files,
and recognizes supplementary code set characters in the list given to the
-d option (see below) according to the locale specified in the LC_CTYPE
environment variable [see LANG on environ(5)].
The meanings of the options are:
-d Without this option, the new-line characters of each but the last
file (or last line in case of the -s option) are replaced by a tab
character. This option allows replacing the tab character by one or
more alternate characters (see below).
list One or more characters immediately following -d replace the default
tab as the line concatenation character. The list is used
sequentially and circularly: first, the first element on the list is
used to concatenate the lines, then the next, and so on; when all
elements have been used, the list is reused starting from the first
element. In parallel merging (that is, no -s option), the lines
from the last file are always terminated with a new-line character,
not from the list. The list may contain the special escape
sequences: \n (new-line), \t (tab), \\ (backslash), and \0 (empty
string, not a null character). Quoting may be necessary, if
characters have special meaning to the shell (for example, to get
one backslash, use -d"\\\\" ). list may contain supplementary code
set characters.
-s Merge subsequent lines rather than one from each input file. Use
tab for concatenation, unless a list is specified with -d option.
Regardless of the list, the very last character of the file is
forced to be a new-line.
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paste(1) paste(1)
- May be used in place of any file name, to read a line from the
standard input. (There is no prompting).
ls | paste -d" " -
Lists directory in one column
ls | paste - - - -
Lists directory in four columns
paste -d"\t\n" file1 file2
Lists file1 in column 1 and file2 in column 2. The
columns are separated by a tab.
paste -s -d"\t\n" file1 file2
Merges pairs of subsequent lines first in file1, then in
file2. Concatenates the merged file2 below file1.
/usr/lib/locale/locale<b>/LC_MESSAGES/uxdfm
language-specific message file [See LANG on environ(5).]
cut(1), grep(1), pr(1)
UX:paste:ERROR:line too long
Output lines are restricted to 4096 bytes.
UX:paste:ERROR:too many files
Except for -s option, no more than 12 input files may be specified.
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