hil(7) hil(7)
NAME [Toc] [Back]
hil - HP-HIL device driver
SYNOPSIS [Toc] [Back]
#include <sys/hilioctl.h>
DESCRIPTION [Toc] [Back]
HP-HIL, the Hewlett-Packard Human Interface Link, is the HewlettPackard
standard for interfacing a personal computer, terminal, or
workstation to its input devices. hil supports devices such as
keyboards, mice, control knobs, ID modules, button boxes, digitizers,
quadrature devices, bar code readers, and touchscreens.
On systems with a single link, HP-HIL device file names use the
following format:
/dev/hiln
where n represents a single digit that specifies the physical HP-HIL
device address, which ranges from 1 to 7. For example, /dev/hil3 is
used to access the third HP-HIL device.
On systems with more than one link, HP-HIL device file names use the
following format:
/dev/hil_m.n
where m represents the instance number, and n represents the physical
HP-HIL device address. For example, /dev/hil_0.2 would be used to
access the second device on the link which has an instance number of
zero. Likewise, /dev/hil_12.7 references the seventh device on the
link with instance number twelve.
Note that HP-HIL device addresses are determined only by the order in
which devices are attached to the link. The first device attached to
the link becomes device one, the second device attached becomes device
two, etc.
HP-HIL devices are classified as "slow" devices. This means that
system calls to hil can be interrupted by caught signals (see
signal(5)).
hil can only read HP-HIL keyboards in raw keycode mode. Raw keycode
mode means that all keyboard input is read unfiltered. HP-HIL
keyboards return keycodes that represent key press and key release
events.
Use hilkbd(7) to read mapped keycodes from HP-HIL keyboards. Use the
Internal Terminal Emulator (ITE) described in termio(7) to read ASCII
characters from HP-HIL keyboards.
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System Calls [Toc] [Back]
open(2) gives exclusive access to the specified HP-HIL device. Any
previously queued input from the device is discarded. If the device
is a keyboard, it is opened in raw keycode mode. A side effect of
opening a keyboard in raw keycode mode is that the ITE (see termio(7))
and mapped keyboard driver (see hilkbd(7)) lose input from that
keyboard until it is closed. Only device implemented auto-repeat
functionality is available while in raw keycode mode (see HILER1 and
HILER2).
The file status flag, O_NDELAY, can be set to enable non-blocking
reads (see open(2)).
close(2) returns an HP-HIL keyboard to mapped keycode mode, making its
input available to the ITE or mapped keyboard driver (see hilkbd(7)).
read(2) returns data from the specified HP-HIL device, in time-stamped
packets:
unsigned char packet_length;
unsigned char time_stamp[4];
unsigned char poll_record_header;
unsigned char data[ packet_length - 6 ];
packet_length specifies the number of bytes in the packet including
itself, and can range from six to twenty bytes. time_stamp, when repacked
into an integer, specifies the time, in tens of milliseconds,
that the system has been running since the last system boot. The most
significant byte of the time stamp is time_stamp[0].
poll_record_header indicates the type and quantity of information to
follow, and reports simple device status information. The number of
data bytes is device dependent. Refer to the text listed in SEE ALSO
for descriptions of the poll_record_header and device-specific data.
Usually two system calls are required to read each data packet, the
first system call reads the data packet length; the second system call
reads the actual data packet. Some devices always return the same
amount of data in each packet, in which case the count and the packet
can both be read in the same system call.
If the file status flag, O_NDELAY, is set and no data is available,
read(2) returns 0 instead of blocking.
write(2) is not supported by hil.
select(2) can be used to poll for available input from HP-HIL devices.
select(2) for write or for exception conditions always returns a false
indication in the file descriptor bit masks.
ioctl(2) is used to perform special operations on HP-HIL devices.
ioctl(2) system calls all have the form:
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hil(7) hil(7)
int ioctl(int fildes, int request, char *arg);
The following request codes are defined in <sys/hilioctl.h>:
HILID Identify and Describe
This request returns the Identify and Describe Record
in the char variable to which arg points, as supplied
by the specified HP-HIL device. The Identify and
Describe Record is used to determine the type and
characteristics of each device connected to the link.
The Identify and Describe Record can vary in length
from 2 to 11 bytes. The record contains at least:
+ A Device ID byte, and
+ A Describe Record Header byte.
The Device ID byte is used to identify the general
class of a device, and its nationality in the case of a
keyboard or keypad. The Describe Record Header byte
describes the position report capabilities of the
device. The Describe Record Header byte also indicates
if an I/O Descriptor byte follows at the end of the
Describe Record. It also indicates support of the
Extended Describe and the Report Security Code
requests. If the device is capable of reporting any
coordinates, the Describe Record contains the device
resolution immediately after the Describe Record Header
byte. If the device reports absolute coordinates, the
maximum count for each axis is specified after the
device resolution. The I/O Descriptor byte indicates
how many buttons the device has. The I/O Descriptor
byte also indicates device proximity detection
capabilities and specifies Prompt/Acknowledge
functions. All HP-HIL devices support the Identify and
Describe request.
HILPST Perform Self Test
This request causes the addressed device to perform its
self test, and returns the one-byte test result in the
char variable to which arg points. A test result of
zero indicates a successful test, non-zero results
indicate device-specific failures. All HP-HIL devices
support the Self Test request.
HILRR Read Register
The Read Register request expects an HP-HIL device
register address in the char variable to which arg
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hil(7) hil(7)
points, and returns the one-byte contents of that
register in *arg. The Extended Describe Record
indicates whether a device supports the Read Register
request.
HILWR Write Register
The Write Register request expects *arg to contain a
record containing one or more packets of data, each
containing the HP-HIL device register address and one
or more data bytes to be written to that register.
There are two types of Register Writes. Type 1 can be
used to write a single byte to each individual device
register. Type 2 can be used to write several bytes to
one register. The Extended Describe Record indicates
if a device supports either or both types of register
write requests.
HILRN Report Name
The Report Name request returns the device description
string in the character array to which arg points. The
string may be up to fifteen characters long. The
Extended Describe Record indicates support of the
Report Name request.
HILRS Report Status
The Report Status request returns the device-specific
status information string in the character array to
which arg points. The string can be up to fifteen
bytes long. The Extended Describe record indicates
support of the Report Status request.
HILED Extended Describe
The Extended Describe request returns the Extended
Describe Record in the character array to which arg
points. The Extended Describe Record may contain up to
fifteen bytes of additional device information. The
first byte is the Extended Describe Header, which
indicates whether a device supports the Report Status,
Report Name, Read Register, or Write Register requests.
If the device implements the Read Register request, the
maximum readable register is specified. If the device
supports the Write Register request, the Extended
Describe Record specifies whether the device implements
either or both of the two types of register writes and
the maximum writeable register. If the device supports
Type 2 register writes, the maximum write buffer size
is specified. The Extended Describe Record can also
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hil(7) hil(7)
contain the localization (language) code for a device.
Support of the Extended Describe request is indicated
in the Describe Record Header byte.
HILSC Report Security Code
The Report Security Code request returns the Security
Code Record in the character array to which arg points.
The Security Code Record can be between one and fifteen
bytes of data that uniquely identifies that particular
device. Applications can use this request to implement
a hardware "key" that restricts each copy of the
application to a single machine or user. An
application can read the Security Code Record from an
HP-HIL ID Module and then verify that the application
is running on a specific machine or that the
application is being used by a legitimate user.
Devices indicate support of the Report Security Code
request in the Describe Record Header.
HILER1 Enable Auto Repeat Rate = 1/30 Second
This request is used to enable the "repeating keys"
feature implemented by the firmware of some HP-HIL
keyboard and keypad devices. It also sets the cursor
key repeat rate to 1/30 sec. This request does not use
arg.
HILER2 Enable Auto Repeat Rate = 1/60 Second
This request is used to enable the "repeating keys"
feature implemented in the firmware of some HP-HIL
keyboard and keypad devices. It also sets the cursor
key repeat rate to 1/60 sec. This request does not use
arg.
HILDKR Disable Keyswitch Auto Repeat
This request turns off the "repeating keys" feature
implemented in the firmware of some HP-HIL keyboard and
keypad devices. This request does not use arg.
HILP1..HILP7 Prompt 1 through Prompt 7
These seven requests are supported by some HP-HIL
devices to give an audio or visual response to the
user, perhaps indicating that the system is ready for
some type of input. A device specifies acceptance of
these requests in the I/O Descriptor Byte in the
Describe Record. These requests do not use arg.
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hil(7) hil(7)
HILP Prompt (General Purpose)
This request is intended as a general purpose stimulus
to the user. Devices accepting this request indicate
so in the I/O Descriptor Byte in the Describe Record.
This request does not use arg.
HILA1..HILA7 Acknowledge 1 through Acknowledge 7
These seven requests are intended to provide an audio
or visual response to the user, generally to
acknowledge a user's input. The I/O Descriptor Byte in
the Describe Record indicates whether an HP-HIL device
implements this request. These requests do not use
arg.
HILA Acknowledge (General Purpose)
The Acknowledge request is intended to provide an audio
or visual response to the user. Devices accepting this
request indicate so in the I/O Descriptor Byte in the
Describe Record. This request does not use arg.
ERRORS [Toc] [Back]
[EBUSY] The specified HP-HIL device is already opened.
[EFAULT] A bad address was detected while attempting to use an
argument to a system call.
[EINTR] A signal interrupted an open(2), read(2), or ioctl(2)
system call.
[EINVAL] An invalid parameter was detected by ioctl(2).
[ENXIO] No device is present at the specified address; see
WARNINGS, below.
[EIO] A hardware or software error occurred while executing
an ioctl(2) system call.
[ENODEV] write(2) is not implemented for HP-HIL devices.
WARNINGS [Toc] [Back]
An ENXIO error is returned by open(2) and ioctl(2) if any attempt is
made to access a device while hil is reconfiguring the link during
power-failure recovery.
hil cannot detect whether or not a device executed an ioctl(2)
request.
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hil(7) hil(7)
HP-HIL devices have no status bit available to indicate whether they
support the HILER1, HILER2, or HILDKR requests.
AUTHOR [Toc] [Back]
hil was developed by the Hewlett-Packard Company.
FILES [Toc] [Back]
/dev/hil[1-7]
/dev/hil_*.[1-7]
SEE ALSO [Toc] [Back]
close(2), errno(2), fcntl(2), ioctl(2), open(2), read(2), select(2),
signal(5), hilkbd(7), termio(7).
For detailed information about HP-HIL hardware and software in
general, see the HP-HIL Technical Reference Manual.
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