hier(5) hier(5)
NAME [Toc] [Back]
hier - file system hierarchy
DESCRIPTION [Toc] [Back]
The HP-UX file system is a hierarchical tree organized for
administrative convenience. Within the file-system tree structure,
distinct areas are provided for files that are private to one machine,
files that can be shared by machines, and home directories.
There are two types of files that are shared: those that can be shared
by multiple machines of a common architecture, and those that can be
shared by all machines. This organization allows sharable files to be
stored on one machine (the server), but accessed by many machines
(clients).
The following diagram illustrates the file system layout. Note that
there are many directories that are not is this diagram, but are
discussed below.
Diagram of Directory Layout [Toc] [Back]
|---- dev
| |---- bin
|---- etc | |---- bin
| |---- ccs ------|
|---- usr ------| |---- lib
/ ----| |---- lib
|---- sbin |
| |---- sbin
|---- var |
| |---- lbin
|---- home |
| |---- include |---- dict
|---- opt | |
| |---- share -----|---- lib
|---- (export) |
|---- man
The following listing discusses a representative HP-UX directory
hierarchy. Some HP-UX applications may add additional directories,
which are not shown.
/ Root directory.
/dev Special files (block and character device
files); see mknod(1M).
/etc Host-specific configuration and
administration databases.
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/etc/opt Directory for application-specific
configuration files. (Configuration
information for optional packages.)
/etc/rc.config.d Startup configuration files.
/export Default root of exported file systems.
Server only.
/home Default root for user directories.
/lost+found Storage directory for connecting detached
files; for use by fsck(1M).
/mnt Mounting point for local file systems.
/net Mounting point for remote file systems.
/opt Root of subtree for optional application
packages.
/sbin Essential system commands. Essential
commands are defined as executables that are
needed to boot the system and mount the file
systems. A full complement of utilities is
available only after /usr is mounted.
/sbin/init.d Startup and shutdown scripts.
/sbin/rc0.d Link files to scripts in /sbin/init.d for
entering or leaving run level 0.
/sbin/rc1.d Link files to scripts in /sbin/init.d for
entering or leaving run level 1.
/sbin/rc2.d Link files to scripts in /sbin/init.d for
entering or leaving run level 2.
/sbin/rc3.d Link files to scripts in /sbin/init.d for
entering or leaving run level 3.
/stand Standalone binaries and kernel configuration
files.
/tmp System-generated temporary files; generally
cleared during the boot operation.
/usr Mount point for sharable user and system
administration commands, libraries and
documentation.
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/usr/bin Primary location for common utilities and
user commands.
/usr/ccs C compilation system. Tools and libraries
used to generate C programs.
/usr/ccs/bin Development binaries; includes cc, make,
strings, etc.
/usr/ccs/lib Development libraries.
/usr/ccs/lbin Development backends.
/usr/conf Kernel configuration files.
/usr/contrib Directory for user-contributed (unsupported,
internal) commands, files, etc. Files in
this directory come from outside the local
site or organization (for example, from users
groups or HP service engineers).
/usr/contrib/bin User-contributed commands.
/usr/contrib/include User-contributed include files.
/usr/contrib/lib User-contributed libraries.
/usr/contrib/man User-contributed man pages.
/usr/include Included header files, for C and other
programs. Some subdirectories are listed
below.
/usr/include/machine Machine-specific C include files.
/usr/include/nfs C include files for Network File System
(NFS).
/usr/include/sys Kernel related C-language header files.
/usr/lbin Directory for backend executables to other
commands. A backend executable is an
executable that is generally not invoked
directly by the user.
/usr/lib Program libraries, object code and
architecture-dependent databases.
/usr/lib/nls Directory for Native Language Support.
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/usr/local Directory for site-local commands, files,
etc. Files under this directory come from
inside the local site or organization. See
/usr/contrib for non-local unsupported
commands and files.
/usr/local/bin Site-local commands.
/usr/local/lib Site-local libraries.
/usr/local/man Site-local man pages.
/usr/newconfig Default operating system configuration data
files. This directory is a directory
hierarchy mirroring /. New versions of
customizable configuration files and
databases are shipped here so as not to
overwrite current versions. Files in this
directory are copied to regular locations for
newly installed systems. System
administrators may wish to keep them for
later reference.
/usr/old Files and programs that are being phased out
or are obsolete.
/usr/sbin System administration commands.
/usr/share Architecture-independent sharable files.
/usr/share/dict Dictionaries for spell and ispell.
/usr/share/lib Miscellaneous sharable libraries.
/usr/share/man Online documentation.
/var Root of subtree for "varying" files. These
are files that are created at runtime and can
grow to an arbitrary size. Some examples
include log, temporary, transient, and spool
files.
/var/adm System administrative files, such as log
files and accounting files. Some of the
subdirectories are listed below.
/var/adm/crash For saving kernel crash dumps.
/var/adm/cron Directory for cron(1M) queuing.
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/var/adm/sw Default location for software distribution
depot.
/var/adm/syslog Log files generated by syslog. See
syslog(3C) and syslogd(1M).
/var/mail Incoming mail.
/var/news Local-system news articles for news(1).
/var/opt Root of subtree for varying files associated
with optional software packages.
/var/preserve Place where ex(1) and vi(1) save lost edit
sessions until recovered.
/var/run Files created when daemons are running. For
example, the process ID (PID) file for
syslogd, syslog.pid, is put here.
/var/spool Miscellaneous directories for printer
spooling, mail delivery, cron(1M), etc.
/var/spool/cron cron(1M) and at(1) spooling files.
/var/spool/lp Printer spool files.
/var/spool/mqueue Outgoing mail and log files containing
messages from the mail system.
/var/spool/uucp UUCP spool directory.
/var/tmp Application-generated temporary files. This
directory generally is not cleared between
system reboots.
/var/uucp UUCP administration files.
DEPENDENCIES [Toc] [Back]
Some directories include commands or files not supported on all HP-UX
implementations.
SEE ALSO [Toc] [Back]
find(1), grep(1), ls(1), whereis(1).
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