pr(1)                                                                 pr(1)




 NAME    [Toc]    [Back]
      pr - print files

 SYNOPSIS    [Toc]    [Back]
      pr [options] [files]

 DESCRIPTION    [Toc]    [Back]
      The pr command prints the named files on the standard output.  If file
      is -, or if no files are specified, the standard input is assumed.  By
      default, the listing is separated into pages, each headed by the page
      number, a date and time, and the name of the file.

      By default, columns are of equal width, separated by at least one
      space; lines that do not fit are truncated.  If the -s option is used,
      lines are not truncated and columns are separated by the separation
      character.

      If the standard output is associated with a terminal, error messages
      are withheld until pr has completed printing.

    Options    [Toc]    [Back]
      The following options can be used singly or combined in any order:

           +k        Begin printing with page k (default is 1).

           -k        Produce k-column output (default is 1).  This option
                     should not be used with -m.  The options -e and -i are
                     assumed for multi-column output.

           -c k      Produce k-column output, same as -k.

           -a        Print multi-column output across the page.  This option
                     is appropriate only with the -k option.

           -m        Merge and print all files simultaneously, one per
                     column (overrides the -k and -a options).

           -d        Double space the output.

           -eck      Expand input tabs to character positions k+1, 2xk+1,
                     3xk+1, etc.  If k is 0 or is omitted, default tab
                     settings at every eighth position are assumed.  Tab
                     characters in the input are expanded into the
                     appropriate number of spaces.  If c (any nondigit
                     character) is given, it is treated as the input tab
                     character (default for c is the tab character).

           -ick      In output, replace white space wherever possible by
                     inserting tabs to character positions k+1, 2xk+1,
                     3xk+1, etc.  If k is 0 or is omitted, default tab
                     settings at every eighth position are assumed.  If c



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 pr(1)                                                                 pr(1)




                     (any nondigit character) is given, it is treated as the
                     output tab character (default for c is the tab
                     character).

           -nck      Provide k-digit line numbering (default for k is 5).
                     The number occupies the first k+1 character positions
                     of each column of normal output or each line of -m
                     output.  If c (any nondigit character) is given, it is
                     appended to the line number to separate it from
                     whatever follows (default for c is a tab).

           -wk       Set the width of a line to k character positions
                     (default is 72 for equal-width, multi-column output; no
                     limit otherwise).  Width specifications are only
                     effective for multi-columnar output.

           -ok       Offset each line by k character positions (default is
                     0).  The number of character positions per line is the
                     sum of the width and offset.

           -lk       Set the length of a page to k lines (default is 66).
                     If k is less than what is needed for the page header
                     and trailer, the -t option is in effect; that is,
                     header and trailer lines are suppressed in order to
                     make room for text.

           -h        Use the next argument as the header to be printed
                     instead of the file name.

           -p        Pause before beginning each page if the output is
                     directed to a terminal (pr rings the bell at the
                     terminal and waits for a Return).

           -F        Use form-feed character for new pages (default is to
                     use a sequence of line-feeds).  Pause before beginning
                     the first page if the standard output is associated
                     with a terminal.

           -f        Same as -F.  Provided for backwards compatibility.

           -r        Print no diagnostic reports on failure to open files.

           -t        Print neither the five-line identifying header nor the
                     five-line trailer normally supplied for each page.
                     Quit printing after the last line of each file without
                     spacing to the end of the page.

           -sc       Separate columns by the single character c instead of
                     by the appropriate number of spaces (default for c is a
                     tab).




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 pr(1)                                                                 pr(1)




 EXTERNAL INFLUENCES    [Toc]    [Back]
    Environment Variables
      LC_CTYPE determines the interpretation of text and the arguments
      associated with the -e, -i, -n, and -s options as single-byte and/or
      multi-byte characters.

      LC_TIME determines the format and contents of date and time strings.

      LC_MESSAGES determines the language in which messages are displayed.

      If LC_CTYPE, LC_TIME, or LC_MESSAGES is not specified in the
      environment or is set to the empty string, the value of LANG is used
      as a default for each unspecified or empty variable.  If LANG is not
      specified or is set to the empty string, a default of C (see lang(5))
      is used instead of LANG.

      If any internationalization variable contains an invalid setting, pr
      behaves as if all internationalization variables are set to C.  See
      environ(5).

    International Code Set Support    [Toc]    [Back]
      Single-byte and multi-byte character code sets are supported.

 RETURN VALUE    [Toc]    [Back]
      The pr returns the following values upon completion:

            0      Successful completion.
           >0      One or more of the input files do not exist or cannot be
                   opened.

 EXAMPLES    [Toc]    [Back]
      Print file1 and file2 as a double spaced, three column listing headed
      by ``file list'':

           pr -3dh "file list" file1 file2

      Write file1 on file2, expanding tabs to columns 10, 19, 28, 37, ... :

           pr -e9 -t <file1 >file2

      Print file1 in default format with nonblank lines numbered down the
      left side:

           nl file1 | pr

 FILES    [Toc]    [Back]
      /dev/tty

 SEE ALSO    [Toc]    [Back]
      cat(1), lp(1), nl(1), ul(1).




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 pr(1)                                                                 pr(1)




 STANDARDS CONFORMANCE    [Toc]    [Back]
      pr: SVID2, SVID3, XPG2, XPG3, XPG4, POSIX.2


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