cc_bundled_pa(1)Bundled C Compiler - Limited Functionality cc_bundled_pa(1)
For PA-RISC Systems
NAME [Toc] [Back]
cc_bundled_pa: cc - bundled C compiler
SYNOPSIS [Toc] [Back]
cc [options] files
DESCRIPTION [Toc] [Back]
This manpage describes the Bundled C compiler. See cc(1), online
only, for a description of the ANSI-compliant HP-UX manual page.
This cc accepts several types of arguments as files:
.c Suffix
Arguments whose names end with .c are understood to be C
source files. Each is compiled and the resulting object
file is left in a file having the corresponding base name,
.o instead of .c. However, if a single C file is compiled
and linked, all in one step, the .o file is deleted.
.s Suffix
Arguments whose names end with .s are understood to be
assembly source files and are assembled, producing a .o file
for each .s file.
.i Suffix
Arguments whose names end with .i are assumed to be the
output of cpp (see the -P option below). They are compiled
without invoking cpp (see cpp(1)). Each object file is left
in a file having the corresponding base name, but suffixed
with .o instead of .i.
-lx Form
Arguments of the form -lx cause the linker to search the
library libx.sl or libx.a in an attempt to resolve currently
unresolved external references. Because a library is
searched when its name is encountered, placement of a -l is
significant. If a file contains an unresolved external
reference, the library containing the definition must be
placed after the file on the command line. See ld(1) for
further details.
-l:libx.suffix Form
Arguments of the form -l:libx.suffix cause the linker to
search the library libx.sl or libx.a (depending on suffix)
in an attempt to resolve currently unresolved external
references. It is similar to the -l option except the
current state of the -Wl,-a option is not important.
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Other Suffixes
All other arguments, such as those whose names end with .o
or .a, are taken to be relocatable object files that are to
be included in the link operation.
Arguments and options can be passed to the compiler through the CCOPTS
environment variable as well as on the command line. The compiler
reads the value of CCOPTS and divides these options into two sets;
options that appear before a vertical bar (|), and options that appear
after the vertical bar. The first set of options are placed before
any of the command-line parameters to cc; the second set of options
are placed after the command-line parameters to cc. If the vertical
bar is not present, all options are placed before the command-line
parameters. For example (in sh(1) notation),
CCOPTS="-v | -lmalloc"
export CCOPTS
cc -w prog.c
is equivalent to
cc -v -w prog.c -lmalloc
When set, the TMPDIR environment variable specifies a directory to be
used by the compiler for temporary files, overriding the default
directory /var/tmp.
Options [Toc] [Back]
The following options are the only options which are recognized by the
bundled C compiler.
-c Suppress the link edit phase of the compilation,
and force an object (.o) file to be produced for
each .c file, even if only one program is
compiled. Object files produced from C programs
must be linked before being executed.
-C Prevent the preprocessor from stripping C-style
comments. See cpp(1) for details.
-Dname=def Define name to the preprocessor, as if by
'#define'. See cpp(1) for details.
-Dname
-E Run only cpp on the named C or assembly files, and
send the result to the standard output.
-Idir Change the algorithm used by the preprocessor for
finding include files to also search in directory
dir. See cpp(1) for details.
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-lx Refer to the DESCRIPTION section.
-L dir Change the algorithm used by the linker to search
for libx.sl or libx.a. The -L option causes cc to
search in dir before searching in the default
locations. See ld(1) for details.
-ooutfile Name the output file from the linker outfile. The
default name is a.out.
-P Run only cpp on the named C files and leave the
result on corresponding files suffixed .i. The -P
option is also passed along to cpp.
+Rnum Allow only the first num register variables to
actually have the register class. Use this option
when the register allocator issues the message:
out of general registers
-s Cause the output of the linker to be stripped of
symbol table information. See strip(1) for more
details. The use of this option prevents the use
of a symbolic debugger on the resulting program.
See ld(1) for more details.
-S Compile the named C files, and leave the assembly
language output on corresponding files suffixed
.s.
-tx,name Substitute subprocess x with name where x is one
or more of a set of identifiers indicating the
subprocess(es). This option works in two modes:
1) if x is a single identifier, name represents
the full path name of the new subprocess; 2) if x
is a set of identifiers, name represents a prefix
to which the standard suffixes are concatenated to
construct the full path names of the new
subprocesses.
The x can take one or more of the values:
p Preprocessor (standard suffix is cpp)
c Compiler (standard suffix is ccom)
a Assembler (standard suffix is as)
l Linker (standard suffix is ld)
-Uname Remove any initial definition of name in the
preprocessor. See cpp(1) for details.
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-v Enable verbose mode, which produces a step-by-step
description of the compilation process on the
standard error.
-V Cause each invoked subprocess to print its version
information to stdout.
-w Suppress warning messages.
-Wx,arglist Pass the comma-separated argument(s) in arglist to
subprocess x. The -W option specification allows
additional, implementation-specific options to be
recognized by the compiler driver. For example,
-Wl,-a,archive
causes the linker to link with archive libraries
instead of with shared libraries. See ld(1) for
details.
The x can assume one of the following values:
p Preprocessor
a Assembler
l Linker
Any other options encountered generate a warning to standard
error.
Other arguments are assumed to be C-compatible object programs,
typically produced by an earlier cc run, or perhaps libraries of
C-compatible routines. These programs, together with the results
of any compilations specified, are linked (in the order given) to
produce an executable program with the name a.out.
EXTERNAL INFLUENCES [Toc] [Back]
Environment Variables
LANG determines the language in which messages are displayed.
If LC_CTYPE is not specified in the environment or is set to the empty
string, the value of LANG is used as a default for each unspecified or
empty variable. If LANG is not specified or is set to the empty
string, a default of C (see lang(5)) is used. If any
internationalization variable contains an invalid setting, cc behaves
as if all internationalization variables are set to C. See
environ(5).
International Code Set Support [Toc] [Back]
Single byte and multibyte character code sets are supported.
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DIAGNOSTICS [Toc] [Back]
The diagnostics produced by C itself are intended to be selfexplanatory.
Occasionally, messages may be produced by the
preprocessor, assembler, or the link editor.
If any errors occur before cc is completed, a nonzero value is
returned. Otherwise, zero is returned.
EXAMPLES [Toc] [Back]
The example below compiles the C file prog.c to create a prog.o file,
then invokes the ld link editor to link prog.o and procedure.o with
all of the C startup routines in /usr/ccs/lib/crt0.o and library
routines from the C library libc.sl or libc.a. The resulting
executable program is placed in file prog:
cc prog.c procedure.o -o prog
WARNINGS [Toc] [Back]
Options not recognized by cc are not passed on to the link editor.
The option -Wl,arg can be used to pass any such option to the link
editor.
By default, the return value from a C program is completely random.
The only two guaranteed ways to return a specific value are to
explicitly call exit() (see exit(2)) or leave the function main() with
a return expression; construct.
FILES [Toc] [Back]
file.c Input file
file.o Object file
a.out Linked executable output file
/var/tmp/ctm* Temporary files used by the compiler
/usr/ccs/bin/as Assembler (see as(1))
/usr/ccs/bin/ld Link editor (see ld(1))
/usr/ccs/lib/crt0.o Runtime startup
/usr/lib/libc.a Standard C library (archive version),
see HP-UX Reference Section (3)
/usr/lib/libc.sl Standard C library (shared version),
see HP-UX Reference Section (3)
/usr/include Standard directory for #include files
Bundled C Compiler Files [Toc] [Back]
/usr/ccs/bin/cc C driver
/usr/ccs/lbin/ccom C compiler
/usr/lib/nls/msg/$LANG/cc.cat C compiler message catalog
/usr/ccs/lbin/cpp C preprocessor
SEE ALSO [Toc] [Back]
System Tools
as(1) Translate assembly code to machine code.
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cc_bundled_pa(1)Bundled C Compiler - Limited Functionality cc_bundled_pa(1)
For PA-RISC Systems
cpp(1) Invoke the C language preprocessor.
ld(1) Invoke the link editor.
cc(1) The ANSI-compliant C compiler on HP-UX.
Miscellaneous [Toc] [Back]
matherr(3M) Trap math errors.
fpgetround(3M) Floating-point mode control functions.
strip(1) Strip symbol and line number information from an
object file.
crt0(3) Execution startup routine.
end(3C) Symbol of the last locations in program.
exit(2) Termination of a process.
Tutorials and Standards Documents [Toc] [Back]
B. W. Kernighan and D. M. Ritchie, The C Programming Language,
Prentice-Hall, 1978.
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