adjust(1)                                                         adjust(1)




 NAME    [Toc]    [Back]
      adjust - simple text formatter

 SYNOPSIS    [Toc]    [Back]
      adjust [-b] [-c|-j|-r] [-m column] [-t tabsize] [files ...]

 DESCRIPTION    [Toc]    [Back]
      The adjust command is a simple text formatter for filling, centering,
      left and right justifying, or only right justifying text paragraphs,
      and is designed for interactive use.  It reads the concatenation of
      input files (or standard input if none are given) and produces on
      standard output a formatted version of its input, with each paragraph
      formatted separately.  If - is given as an input filename, adjust
      reads standard input at that point (use -- as an argument to separate
      - from options.)

      adjust reads text from input lines as a series of words separated by
      space characters, tabs, or newlines.  Text lines are grouped into
      paragraphs separated by blank lines.  By default, text is copied
      directly to the output, subject only to simple filling (see below)
      with a right margin of 72, and leading spaces are converted to tabs
      where possible.

    Options    [Toc]    [Back]
      The adjust command recognizes the following command-line options:

           -b        Do not convert leading space characters to tabs on
                     output; (output contains no tabs, even if there were
                     tabs in input).

           -c        Center text on each line.  Lines are pre- and postprocessed,
 but no filling is performed.

           -j        Justify text.  After filling, insert spaces in each
                     line as needed to right justify it (except in the last
                     line of each paragraph) while keeping the justified
                     left margin.

           -r        After filling text, adjust the indentation of each line
                     for a smooth right margin (ragged left margin).

           -mcolumn  Set the right fill margin to the given column number,
                     instead of 72.  Text is filled, and optionally right
                     justified, so that no output line extends beyond this
                     column (if possible).  If -m0 is given, the current
                     right margin of the first line of each paragraph is
                     used for that and all subsequent lines in the
                     paragraph.

                     By default, text is centered on column 40.  With -c,
                     the -m option sets the middle column of the centering



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 adjust(1)                                                         adjust(1)




                     ``window'', but -m0 auto-sets the right side as before
                     (which then determines the center of the ``window'').

           -ttabsize Set the tab size to other than the default (eight
                     columns).

      Only one of the -c, -j, and -r options is allowed in a single command
      line.

    Details    [Toc]    [Back]
      Before doing anything else to a line of input text, adjust first
      handles backspaces, rubbing out preceding characters in the usual way.
      Next, it ignores all non-printable characters except tab.  It then
      expands all tabs to spaces.

      For simple text filling, the first word of the first line of each
      paragraph is indented the same amount as in the input line.  Each word
      is then carried to the output followed by one space.  ``Words'' ending
      in terminal_character[quote][closing_character] are followed by two
      spaces, where terminal_character is any of ., :, ?, or !; quote is a
      single closing quote (') character or double-quote character ( " ),
      and close is any of ), ], or }.  Here are some examples:

           end.  of?  sentence.'  sorts!"  of.)  words?"]

      (adjust does not place two spaces after a pair of single closing
      quotes ('') following a terminal_character).

      adjust starts a new output line whenever adding a word (other than the
      first one) to the current line would exceed the right margin.

              adjust understands indented first lines of paragraphs (such as
      this one) when filling.  The second and subsequent lines of each
      paragraph are indented the same amount as the second line of the input
      paragraph if there is a second line, else the same as the first line.

      *         adjust also has a rudimentary understanding of tagged
                paragraphs (such as this one) when filling.  If the second
                line of a paragraph is indented more than the first, and the
                first line has a word beginning at the same indentation as
                the second line, the input column position of the tag word
                or words (prior to the one matching the second line
                indentation) is preserved.

      Tag words are passed through without change of column position, even
      if they extend beyond the right margin.  The rest of the line is
      filled or right justified from the position of the first non-tag word.

      When -j is given, adjust uses an intelligent algorithm to insert
      spaces in output lines where they are most needed, until the lines
      extend to the right margin.  First, all one space word separators are



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 adjust(1)                                                         adjust(1)




      examined.  One space is added to each separator, starting with the one
      having the most letters between it and the preceding and following
      separators, until the modified line reaches the right margin.  If all
      one space separators are increased to two spaces and more spaces must
      be inserted, the algorithm is repeated with two space separators, and
      so on.

      Output line indentation is held to one less than the right margin.  If
      a single word is larger than the line size (right margin minus
      indentation), that word appears on a line by itself, properly
      indented, and extends beyond the right margin.  However, if -r is
      used, such words are still right justified, if possible.

      If the current locale defines class names ekinsoku and bkinsoku (see
      iswctype(3C)), adjust formats the text in accordance with the
      ekinsoku/bkinsoku character classification and margin settings (see -
      r, -j, and -m options).

 EXTERNAL INFLUENCES    [Toc]    [Back]
    Environment Variables
      LANG provides a default value for the internationalization variables
      that are unset or null.  If LANG is unset or null, the default value
      of "C" (see lang(5)) is used.  If any of the internationalization
      variables contains an invalid setting, adjust will behave as if all
      internationalization variables are set to "C".  See environ(5).

      LC_ALL If set to a non-empty string value, overrides the values of all
      the other internationalization variables.

      LC_CTYPE determines the interpretation of text as single and/or
      multi-byte characters, the classification of characters as printable,
      and the characters matched by character class expressions in regular
      expressions.

      LC_MESSAGES determines the locale that should be used to affect the
      format and contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error
      and informative messages written to standard output.

      NLSPATH determines the location of message catalogs for the processing
      of LC_MESSAGES.

    International Code Set Support    [Toc]    [Back]
      Single- and multi-byte character code sets are supported.

 DIAGNOSTICS    [Toc]    [Back]
      adjust complains to standard error and later returns a nonzero value
      if any input file cannot be opened (it skips the file).  It does the
      same (but quits immediately) if the argument to -m or -t is out of
      range, or if the program is improperly invoked.





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 adjust(1)                                                         adjust(1)




      Input lines longer than BUFSIZ are silently split (before tab
      expansion) or truncated (afterwards).  Lines that are too wide to
      center begin in column 1 (no leading spaces).

 EXAMPLES    [Toc]    [Back]
      This command is useful for filtering text while in vi(1).  For
      example,

           !}adjust

      reformats the rest of the current paragraph (from the current line
      down), evening the lines.

      The vi command:

           :map ^X {!}adjust -j^V^M

      (where ^ denotes control characters) sets up a useful ``finger
      macro''.  Typing ^X (Ctrl-X) reformats the entire current paragraph.

      adjust -m1 is a simple way to break text into separate words without
      white space, except for tagged-paragraph tags.

 WARNINGS    [Toc]    [Back]
      This program is designed to be simple and fast.  It does not recognize
      backslash to escape white space or other characters.  It does not
      recognize tagged paragraphs where the tag is on a line by itself.  It
      knows that lines end in newline or null, and how to deal with tabs and
      backspaces, but it does not do anything special with other characters
      such as form feed (they are simply ignored).  For complex operations,
      standard text processors are likely to be more appropriate.

      This program could be implemented instead as a set of independent
      programs, fill, center, and justify (with the -r option).  However,
      this would be much less efficient in actual use, especially given the
      program's special knowledge of tagged paragraphs and last lines of
      paragraphs.

 AUTHOR    [Toc]    [Back]
      adjust was developed by HP.

 SEE ALSO    [Toc]    [Back]
      nroff(1).


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